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| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| Online-Zugang: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.15835 |
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| _version_ | 1866910139150237696 |
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| author | Song, Yuheng Chang, Wanzhu Huang, Kefeng Sun, Kaixin Yao, Chen Ma, Jianjun |
| author_facet | Song, Yuheng Chang, Wanzhu Huang, Kefeng Sun, Kaixin Yao, Chen Ma, Jianjun |
| contents | Rain introduces broadband and frequency-selective attenuation in wideband terahertz (THz) links, making it necessary to identify a compact spectral descriptor that captures how the dominant loss region evolves with rainfall conditions. This article investigates the peak-frequency behavior of rain attenuation by combining Mie-theory calculations with one separable laboratory Gaussian drop-size distribution (DSD) and seven outdoor empirical DSD models whose spectral shapes vary with rainfall rate. The analysis compares total-loss, absorption, and scattering components, examines the roles of characteristic DSD scale and representative drop-size statistics, and evaluates the effect of temperature on the peak location. The results show that, unlike the fixed-shape laboratory case where the peak frequency remains unchanged with rainfall rate, all outdoor empirical DSD models exhibit a monotonic migration of the attenuation peak toward lower frequencies as rainfall rate increases; this behavior is well described by an asymptotic power-law relation and is governed primarily by the rainfall-dependent DSD characteristic scale rather than by total drop concentration or fixed-temperature dielectric dispersion. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_15835 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Rain-Attenuation Peak Frequency in the Terahertz Band Song, Yuheng Chang, Wanzhu Huang, Kefeng Sun, Kaixin Yao, Chen Ma, Jianjun Applied Physics Rain introduces broadband and frequency-selective attenuation in wideband terahertz (THz) links, making it necessary to identify a compact spectral descriptor that captures how the dominant loss region evolves with rainfall conditions. This article investigates the peak-frequency behavior of rain attenuation by combining Mie-theory calculations with one separable laboratory Gaussian drop-size distribution (DSD) and seven outdoor empirical DSD models whose spectral shapes vary with rainfall rate. The analysis compares total-loss, absorption, and scattering components, examines the roles of characteristic DSD scale and representative drop-size statistics, and evaluates the effect of temperature on the peak location. The results show that, unlike the fixed-shape laboratory case where the peak frequency remains unchanged with rainfall rate, all outdoor empirical DSD models exhibit a monotonic migration of the attenuation peak toward lower frequencies as rainfall rate increases; this behavior is well described by an asymptotic power-law relation and is governed primarily by the rainfall-dependent DSD characteristic scale rather than by total drop concentration or fixed-temperature dielectric dispersion. |
| title | Rain-Attenuation Peak Frequency in the Terahertz Band |
| topic | Applied Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.15835 |