Low-Complexity Tone Injection via Candidate Ranking for PAPR Reduction in OFDM and AFDM Systems

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Hauptverfasser: Zheng, Yupeng, Li, Ang, Wang, Jinfei, Ma, Yi, Tafazolli, Rahim
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2026
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author Zheng, Yupeng
Li, Ang
Wang, Jinfei
Ma, Yi
Tafazolli, Rahim
author_facet Zheng, Yupeng
Li, Ang
Wang, Jinfei
Ma, Yi
Tafazolli, Rahim
contents Tone injection (TI) is a promising distortionless PAPR reduction technique that incurs no spectral efficiency loss. However, state-of-the-art TI schemes based on random candidate generation or clipping noise spectrum suffer from fundamental limitations in PAPR performance. In this paper, we propose novel TI schemes compatible with both OFDM and AFDM systems. The proposed schemes iteratively update the TI sequence via a candidate ranking procedure guided by time-domain local peaks. This accurately selects effective candidates while achieving a complexity comparable to that of the fast Fourier transform. Depth-first search is further integrated to enhance PAPR performance by exploiting the tree structure of the process. Simulations demonstrate that the proposed schemes achieve over 1 dB PAPR gain over baseline TI schemes at comparable complexity. The gain is consistent across various numbers of subcarriers under controlled per-iteration complexities, confirming a superior performance-complexity trade-off for both OFDM and AFDM.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_18060
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Low-Complexity Tone Injection via Candidate Ranking for PAPR Reduction in OFDM and AFDM Systems
Zheng, Yupeng
Li, Ang
Wang, Jinfei
Ma, Yi
Tafazolli, Rahim
Signal Processing
Information Theory
Tone injection (TI) is a promising distortionless PAPR reduction technique that incurs no spectral efficiency loss. However, state-of-the-art TI schemes based on random candidate generation or clipping noise spectrum suffer from fundamental limitations in PAPR performance. In this paper, we propose novel TI schemes compatible with both OFDM and AFDM systems. The proposed schemes iteratively update the TI sequence via a candidate ranking procedure guided by time-domain local peaks. This accurately selects effective candidates while achieving a complexity comparable to that of the fast Fourier transform. Depth-first search is further integrated to enhance PAPR performance by exploiting the tree structure of the process. Simulations demonstrate that the proposed schemes achieve over 1 dB PAPR gain over baseline TI schemes at comparable complexity. The gain is consistent across various numbers of subcarriers under controlled per-iteration complexities, confirming a superior performance-complexity trade-off for both OFDM and AFDM.
title Low-Complexity Tone Injection via Candidate Ranking for PAPR Reduction in OFDM and AFDM Systems
topic Signal Processing
Information Theory
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.18060