S2MAM: Semi-supervised Meta Additive Model for Robust Estimation and Variable Selection

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Zhang, Xuelin, Chen, Hong, Wang, Yingjie, Gong, Tieliang, Gu, Bin
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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author Zhang, Xuelin
Chen, Hong
Wang, Yingjie
Gong, Tieliang
Gu, Bin
author_facet Zhang, Xuelin
Chen, Hong
Wang, Yingjie
Gong, Tieliang
Gu, Bin
contents Semi-supervised learning with manifold regularization is a classical framework for jointly learning from both labeled and unlabeled data, where the key requirement is that the support of the unknown marginal distribution has the geometric structure of a Riemannian manifold. Typically, the Laplace-Beltrami operator-based manifold regularization can be approximated empirically by the Laplacian regularization associated with the entire training data and its corresponding graph Laplacian matrix. However, the graph Laplacian matrix depends heavily on the prespecified similarity metric and may lead to inappropriate penalties when dealing with redundant or noisy input variables. To address the above issues, this paper proposes a new Semi-Supervised Meta Additive Model (S$^2$MAM) based on a bilevel optimization scheme that automatically identifies informative variables, updates the similarity matrix, and simultaneously achieves interpretable predictions. Theoretical guarantees are provided for S$^2$MAM, including the computing convergence and the statistical generalization bound. Experimental assessments across 4 synthetic and 12 real-world datasets, with varying levels and categories of corruption, validate the robustness and interpretability of the proposed approach.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_19072
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle S2MAM: Semi-supervised Meta Additive Model for Robust Estimation and Variable Selection
Zhang, Xuelin
Chen, Hong
Wang, Yingjie
Gong, Tieliang
Gu, Bin
Machine Learning
Artificial Intelligence
Semi-supervised learning with manifold regularization is a classical framework for jointly learning from both labeled and unlabeled data, where the key requirement is that the support of the unknown marginal distribution has the geometric structure of a Riemannian manifold. Typically, the Laplace-Beltrami operator-based manifold regularization can be approximated empirically by the Laplacian regularization associated with the entire training data and its corresponding graph Laplacian matrix. However, the graph Laplacian matrix depends heavily on the prespecified similarity metric and may lead to inappropriate penalties when dealing with redundant or noisy input variables. To address the above issues, this paper proposes a new Semi-Supervised Meta Additive Model (S$^2$MAM) based on a bilevel optimization scheme that automatically identifies informative variables, updates the similarity matrix, and simultaneously achieves interpretable predictions. Theoretical guarantees are provided for S$^2$MAM, including the computing convergence and the statistical generalization bound. Experimental assessments across 4 synthetic and 12 real-world datasets, with varying levels and categories of corruption, validate the robustness and interpretability of the proposed approach.
title S2MAM: Semi-supervised Meta Additive Model for Robust Estimation and Variable Selection
topic Machine Learning
Artificial Intelligence
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.19072