Calibrated electric-field imaging with Rydberg-state fluorescence and Autler-Townes splitting
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866914494643437568 |
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| author | Ko, Gabriel Krokosz, Wiktor Mazelanik, Mateusz Wasilewski, Wojciech Parniak, Michał |
| author_facet | Ko, Gabriel Krokosz, Wiktor Mazelanik, Mateusz Wasilewski, Wojciech Parniak, Michał |
| contents | We demonstrate a spatially resolved method for imaging millimeter-wave (mmWave) electric fields using Rydberg-state fluorescence in a warm atomic vapor. By utilizing a multi-photon ladder excitation scheme, we leverage a specific decay channel that remains dark in the absence of the mmWave field, resulting in high-contrast imaging with effectively zero background. Absolute calibration of the local electric field is achieved by reconstructing the Autler-Townes splitting of the Rydberg resonance across the imaging volume. To ensure robust field extraction across a wide dynamic range--including regimes where spectral features are not fully resolved--we employ a steady-state analysis based on the Gorini-Kossakowski-Sudarshan-Lindblad (GKSL) master equation. We apply this technique to visualize standing-wave interference patterns within a vapor cell and demonstrate the ability to engineer local field distributions using structured dielectric reflectors. This approach provides a versatile and self-calibrating platform for the diagnostic imaging of high-frequency electromagnetic fields and the characterization of mmWave-optical interfaces. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_19311 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Calibrated electric-field imaging with Rydberg-state fluorescence and Autler-Townes splitting Ko, Gabriel Krokosz, Wiktor Mazelanik, Mateusz Wasilewski, Wojciech Parniak, Michał Atomic Physics We demonstrate a spatially resolved method for imaging millimeter-wave (mmWave) electric fields using Rydberg-state fluorescence in a warm atomic vapor. By utilizing a multi-photon ladder excitation scheme, we leverage a specific decay channel that remains dark in the absence of the mmWave field, resulting in high-contrast imaging with effectively zero background. Absolute calibration of the local electric field is achieved by reconstructing the Autler-Townes splitting of the Rydberg resonance across the imaging volume. To ensure robust field extraction across a wide dynamic range--including regimes where spectral features are not fully resolved--we employ a steady-state analysis based on the Gorini-Kossakowski-Sudarshan-Lindblad (GKSL) master equation. We apply this technique to visualize standing-wave interference patterns within a vapor cell and demonstrate the ability to engineer local field distributions using structured dielectric reflectors. This approach provides a versatile and self-calibrating platform for the diagnostic imaging of high-frequency electromagnetic fields and the characterization of mmWave-optical interfaces. |
| title | Calibrated electric-field imaging with Rydberg-state fluorescence and Autler-Townes splitting |
| topic | Atomic Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.19311 |