Breaking the UV Luminosity Function Degeneracy:Self-Interacting Dark Matter Constraints from Reionization Topology
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arXiv
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| Natura: | Preprint |
| Pubblicazione: |
2026
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| _version_ | 1866908984873582592 |
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| author | Wang, Zihan Shan, Huanyuan |
| author_facet | Wang, Zihan Shan, Huanyuan |
| contents | Self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) is the leading framework resolving small-scale cold dark matter (CDM) crises, yet high-redshift SIDM constraints are fundamentally limited by degeneracies between dark matter microphysics and galaxy formation astrophysics. We demonstrate that the UV luminosity function alone cannot constrain SIDM: star formation suppression from SIDM halo core formation is fully absorbed by modest adjustments to standard astrophysical parameters. We show that 21 cm reionization topology breaks this degeneracy completely, providing a nuisance-immune probe: the SIDM-enhanced duty cycle of ionizing photon escape leaves a morphological signature fully independent of star formation efficiency. Combining JWST UVLF measurements with SKA1-Low forecasts, constant-cross-section SIDM with $σ/m \gtrsim 1$--$2\ \mathrm{cm^2/g}$ is either excluded or detectable across all physically motivated star formation coupling strengths. Our results establish a robust new avenue to probe dark matter microphysics in the early Universe. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_19726 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Breaking the UV Luminosity Function Degeneracy:Self-Interacting Dark Matter Constraints from Reionization Topology Wang, Zihan Shan, Huanyuan Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics Self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) is the leading framework resolving small-scale cold dark matter (CDM) crises, yet high-redshift SIDM constraints are fundamentally limited by degeneracies between dark matter microphysics and galaxy formation astrophysics. We demonstrate that the UV luminosity function alone cannot constrain SIDM: star formation suppression from SIDM halo core formation is fully absorbed by modest adjustments to standard astrophysical parameters. We show that 21 cm reionization topology breaks this degeneracy completely, providing a nuisance-immune probe: the SIDM-enhanced duty cycle of ionizing photon escape leaves a morphological signature fully independent of star formation efficiency. Combining JWST UVLF measurements with SKA1-Low forecasts, constant-cross-section SIDM with $σ/m \gtrsim 1$--$2\ \mathrm{cm^2/g}$ is either excluded or detectable across all physically motivated star formation coupling strengths. Our results establish a robust new avenue to probe dark matter microphysics in the early Universe. |
| title | Breaking the UV Luminosity Function Degeneracy:Self-Interacting Dark Matter Constraints from Reionization Topology |
| topic | Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.19726 |