VPT2 Calculations of Vibrational Energies of CH3COOC6H4COOH Done in Seconds on a Laptop Using a Machine Learned Potential

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Main Authors: Kotaru, Saikiran, Qu, Chen, Nandi, Apurba, Houston, Paul L., Bowman, Joel M.
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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author Kotaru, Saikiran
Qu, Chen
Nandi, Apurba
Houston, Paul L.
Bowman, Joel M.
author_facet Kotaru, Saikiran
Qu, Chen
Nandi, Apurba
Houston, Paul L.
Bowman, Joel M.
contents The determination of quartic force fields for use in vibrational second-order perturbation (VPT2) calculations, currently available in numerous electronic structure packages, becomes very expensive as the size of the molecule increases, especially if high-level coupled cluster theory is used. Machine-learned potentials (MLPs) for large molecules and clusters offer a viable alternative to obtain the quartic force field (QFF). Here, we report Fortran and Python software to determine the QFF and perform VPT2 calculations of energies from MLPs. We describe this software briefly and then apply it to \ce{H2O} and protonated oxalate as test cases. The Fortran software is applied to 21-atom aspirin, using a fast MLP reported by us. Despite the fact that there are 32,509 unique cubic force constants for aspirin, the computer time to calculate them using this MLP is trivial, i.e., around one minute. These results are the first quantum anharmonic ones for such a large molecule. The present protocol offers an efficient way to study quantum anharmonic effects for vibrational energies in large molecules. Currently, these are obtained overwhelmingly from classical molecular dynamics simulations, which cannot describe strong anharmonicity.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_20040
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle VPT2 Calculations of Vibrational Energies of CH3COOC6H4COOH Done in Seconds on a Laptop Using a Machine Learned Potential
Kotaru, Saikiran
Qu, Chen
Nandi, Apurba
Houston, Paul L.
Bowman, Joel M.
Chemical Physics
The determination of quartic force fields for use in vibrational second-order perturbation (VPT2) calculations, currently available in numerous electronic structure packages, becomes very expensive as the size of the molecule increases, especially if high-level coupled cluster theory is used. Machine-learned potentials (MLPs) for large molecules and clusters offer a viable alternative to obtain the quartic force field (QFF). Here, we report Fortran and Python software to determine the QFF and perform VPT2 calculations of energies from MLPs. We describe this software briefly and then apply it to \ce{H2O} and protonated oxalate as test cases. The Fortran software is applied to 21-atom aspirin, using a fast MLP reported by us. Despite the fact that there are 32,509 unique cubic force constants for aspirin, the computer time to calculate them using this MLP is trivial, i.e., around one minute. These results are the first quantum anharmonic ones for such a large molecule. The present protocol offers an efficient way to study quantum anharmonic effects for vibrational energies in large molecules. Currently, these are obtained overwhelmingly from classical molecular dynamics simulations, which cannot describe strong anharmonicity.
title VPT2 Calculations of Vibrational Energies of CH3COOC6H4COOH Done in Seconds on a Laptop Using a Machine Learned Potential
topic Chemical Physics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.20040