A Search for Rotation Measure Flare Candidates in Repeating Fast Radio Bursts
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arXiv
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| Formato: | Preprint |
| Publicado: |
2026
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| _version_ | 1866917429861416960 |
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| author | Li, Ye |
| author_facet | Li, Ye |
| contents | Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are millisecond-duration extragalactic radio transients of unknown origin. Rotation measures (RMs) probe their local magneto-ionic environments and provide important clues to their nature. While RM variability has been observed in several repeating FRBs, it is typically gradual or stochastic. Recently, observations of FRB~20220529 revealed an abrupt RM excursion followed by rapid recovery on week-long timescales, termed an ``RM flare'', suggesting a potentially distinct form of RM variability associated with localized magnetized plasma. In this work, we perform a systematic search for RM flare candidates in repeating FRBs with multi-epoch RM measurements. Using a $3σ$ significance threshold, we identify two candidates with multiple observational epochs (FRB~20121102A and FRB~20201124A) and two additional single-epoch candidates (FRB~20180916B), in addition to the event in FRB~20220529A. Our results suggest that RM flares, if confirmed, may not be rare among repeating FRBs and point to highly dynamic magnetized environments local to the sources. Future high-cadence polarimetric observations, particularly following the discovery of RM excursions, will be essential for confirming these candidates and constraining their physical origin. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_20814 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | A Search for Rotation Measure Flare Candidates in Repeating Fast Radio Bursts Li, Ye High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are millisecond-duration extragalactic radio transients of unknown origin. Rotation measures (RMs) probe their local magneto-ionic environments and provide important clues to their nature. While RM variability has been observed in several repeating FRBs, it is typically gradual or stochastic. Recently, observations of FRB~20220529 revealed an abrupt RM excursion followed by rapid recovery on week-long timescales, termed an ``RM flare'', suggesting a potentially distinct form of RM variability associated with localized magnetized plasma. In this work, we perform a systematic search for RM flare candidates in repeating FRBs with multi-epoch RM measurements. Using a $3σ$ significance threshold, we identify two candidates with multiple observational epochs (FRB~20121102A and FRB~20201124A) and two additional single-epoch candidates (FRB~20180916B), in addition to the event in FRB~20220529A. Our results suggest that RM flares, if confirmed, may not be rare among repeating FRBs and point to highly dynamic magnetized environments local to the sources. Future high-cadence polarimetric observations, particularly following the discovery of RM excursions, will be essential for confirming these candidates and constraining their physical origin. |
| title | A Search for Rotation Measure Flare Candidates in Repeating Fast Radio Bursts |
| topic | High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.20814 |