CRED-1: An Open Multi-Signal Domain Credibility Dataset for Automated Pre-Bunking of Online Misinformation

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Loth, Alexander, Kappes, Martin, Pahl, Marc-Oliver
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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author Loth, Alexander
Kappes, Martin
Pahl, Marc-Oliver
author_facet Loth, Alexander
Kappes, Martin
Pahl, Marc-Oliver
contents This article presents CRED-1, an open, reproducible domain-level credibility dataset combining two openly-licensed source lists (OpenSources.co and Iffy.news) with four computed enrichment signals: domain age (WHOIS/RDAP), web popularity (Tranco Top-1M), fact-check frequency (Google Fact Check Tools API), and threat intelligence (Google Safe Browsing API). The dataset covers 2,672 domains categorized as fake, unreliable, mixed, conspiracy, or satire, each assigned a composite credibility score between 0.0 and 1.0. CRED-1 is designed for on-device deployment in privacy-preserving browser extensions to enable client-side pre-bunking of misinformation at the content delivery stage. The entire pipeline is implemented in Python using only standard library modules and is fully reproducible from publicly available sources. The dataset and pipeline code are released under CC~BY~4.0 and archived on Zenodo.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_20856
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle CRED-1: An Open Multi-Signal Domain Credibility Dataset for Automated Pre-Bunking of Online Misinformation
Loth, Alexander
Kappes, Martin
Pahl, Marc-Oliver
Information Retrieval
Cryptography and Security
Computers and Society
K.4.1; H.3.5
This article presents CRED-1, an open, reproducible domain-level credibility dataset combining two openly-licensed source lists (OpenSources.co and Iffy.news) with four computed enrichment signals: domain age (WHOIS/RDAP), web popularity (Tranco Top-1M), fact-check frequency (Google Fact Check Tools API), and threat intelligence (Google Safe Browsing API). The dataset covers 2,672 domains categorized as fake, unreliable, mixed, conspiracy, or satire, each assigned a composite credibility score between 0.0 and 1.0. CRED-1 is designed for on-device deployment in privacy-preserving browser extensions to enable client-side pre-bunking of misinformation at the content delivery stage. The entire pipeline is implemented in Python using only standard library modules and is fully reproducible from publicly available sources. The dataset and pipeline code are released under CC~BY~4.0 and archived on Zenodo.
title CRED-1: An Open Multi-Signal Domain Credibility Dataset for Automated Pre-Bunking of Online Misinformation
topic Information Retrieval
Cryptography and Security
Computers and Society
K.4.1; H.3.5
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.20856