Quantum-HPC Software Stacks and the openQSE Reference Architecture: A Survey
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arXiv
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866911616309657600 |
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| author | Shehata, Amir Austin, Brian Beck, Tom Burgholzer, Lukas Chernoguzov, Alex Churchill, Spencer Delgado, Andrea Eckert, Yasuko Heckey, Jeffery Kissell, Kevin Klymko, Katherine Moles, Josh Naughton, Thomas O'Riordan, Lee James Pauyac, Christian Ortiz Prawiroatmodjo, Guen Rrapaj, Ermal Schindler, Jiri Schulz, Laura Stern, Sebastian Takeshita, Tyler Tsuji, Miwako Wennersteen, Aleksander Humble, Travis Schulz, Martin |
| author_facet | Shehata, Amir Austin, Brian Beck, Tom Burgholzer, Lukas Chernoguzov, Alex Churchill, Spencer Delgado, Andrea Eckert, Yasuko Heckey, Jeffery Kissell, Kevin Klymko, Katherine Moles, Josh Naughton, Thomas O'Riordan, Lee James Pauyac, Christian Ortiz Prawiroatmodjo, Guen Rrapaj, Ermal Schindler, Jiri Schulz, Laura Stern, Sebastian Takeshita, Tyler Tsuji, Miwako Wennersteen, Aleksander Humble, Travis Schulz, Martin |
| contents | Quantum resources are increasingly integrated into high-performance computing (HPC) and cloud environments, but quantum high-performance computing (QHPC) software stacks remain isolated, often proprietary, full-stack solutions lacking common interfaces across runtime, resource management, orchestration, and execution layers. This paper analyzes nine production QHPC stacks and identifies common design patterns and emerging requirements, covering deployment models, application interaction patterns, SDK support, and readiness for fault-tolerant operation. The survey exposes consistent needs in runtime abstraction, resource management, interconnect semantics, and observability. Based on these findings, we propose the open quantum-HPC software ecosystem ( openQSE) reference architecture as a first step toward unifying the state-of-the-practice. openQSE defines a set of layer boundaries that allow different implementations to interoperate while preserving deployment flexibility, and is structured to support both current noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) workloads and future fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC) systems without changes to upper-layer application interfaces. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_20912 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Quantum-HPC Software Stacks and the openQSE Reference Architecture: A Survey Shehata, Amir Austin, Brian Beck, Tom Burgholzer, Lukas Chernoguzov, Alex Churchill, Spencer Delgado, Andrea Eckert, Yasuko Heckey, Jeffery Kissell, Kevin Klymko, Katherine Moles, Josh Naughton, Thomas O'Riordan, Lee James Pauyac, Christian Ortiz Prawiroatmodjo, Guen Rrapaj, Ermal Schindler, Jiri Schulz, Laura Stern, Sebastian Takeshita, Tyler Tsuji, Miwako Wennersteen, Aleksander Humble, Travis Schulz, Martin Quantum Physics Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing Emerging Technologies Software Engineering Quantum resources are increasingly integrated into high-performance computing (HPC) and cloud environments, but quantum high-performance computing (QHPC) software stacks remain isolated, often proprietary, full-stack solutions lacking common interfaces across runtime, resource management, orchestration, and execution layers. This paper analyzes nine production QHPC stacks and identifies common design patterns and emerging requirements, covering deployment models, application interaction patterns, SDK support, and readiness for fault-tolerant operation. The survey exposes consistent needs in runtime abstraction, resource management, interconnect semantics, and observability. Based on these findings, we propose the open quantum-HPC software ecosystem ( openQSE) reference architecture as a first step toward unifying the state-of-the-practice. openQSE defines a set of layer boundaries that allow different implementations to interoperate while preserving deployment flexibility, and is structured to support both current noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) workloads and future fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC) systems without changes to upper-layer application interfaces. |
| title | Quantum-HPC Software Stacks and the openQSE Reference Architecture: A Survey |
| topic | Quantum Physics Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing Emerging Technologies Software Engineering |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.20912 |