Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Alkhonain, Ahmed, Challa, Kiran Kumar, Matavalam, Amarsagar Reddy Ramapuram, Bharati, Alok Kumar, Ajjarapu, Venkataramana
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
Subjects:
Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.21040
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866908987896627200
author Alkhonain, Ahmed
Challa, Kiran Kumar
Matavalam, Amarsagar Reddy Ramapuram
Bharati, Alok Kumar
Ajjarapu, Venkataramana
author_facet Alkhonain, Ahmed
Challa, Kiran Kumar
Matavalam, Amarsagar Reddy Ramapuram
Bharati, Alok Kumar
Ajjarapu, Venkataramana
contents The rapid growth of inverter-based resources (IBRs) and distributed energy resources (DERs) has fundamentally altered the long-term voltage stability characteristics of modern power systems. This article leverages the advantages of machine learning (ML) for the online estimation of long-term voltage stability margin (VSM) and enhancement of VSM through coordinated transmission system operator-distribution system operator (TSO-DSO) optimization. An explicit analytical VSM expression is derived from offline T&D co-simulation data using a physics-informed ML-trained model under probabilistic loading and generation mix scenarios, while accounting for unbalanced distribution modeling. The resulting closed-form VSM representation is linearized and embedded into the TSO optimization problem, enabling real-time enforcement of minimum VSM constraints. We further enhance operational efficiency by incorporating VSM sensitivities into both transmission and distribution optimization, allowing prioritization of the most influential reactive power resources. Simulation studies conducted on the IEEE 30-bus transmission network integrated with multiple IEEE 37-node distribution feeders validate that the proposed framework successfully achieves the desired VSM enhancement while maintaining high estimation accuracy.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_21040
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Online Long-Term Voltage Stability Margin Estimation for IBR/DER Dominated Power System with Integrated VSM-Aware TSO-DSO Framework
Alkhonain, Ahmed
Challa, Kiran Kumar
Matavalam, Amarsagar Reddy Ramapuram
Bharati, Alok Kumar
Ajjarapu, Venkataramana
Systems and Control
The rapid growth of inverter-based resources (IBRs) and distributed energy resources (DERs) has fundamentally altered the long-term voltage stability characteristics of modern power systems. This article leverages the advantages of machine learning (ML) for the online estimation of long-term voltage stability margin (VSM) and enhancement of VSM through coordinated transmission system operator-distribution system operator (TSO-DSO) optimization. An explicit analytical VSM expression is derived from offline T&D co-simulation data using a physics-informed ML-trained model under probabilistic loading and generation mix scenarios, while accounting for unbalanced distribution modeling. The resulting closed-form VSM representation is linearized and embedded into the TSO optimization problem, enabling real-time enforcement of minimum VSM constraints. We further enhance operational efficiency by incorporating VSM sensitivities into both transmission and distribution optimization, allowing prioritization of the most influential reactive power resources. Simulation studies conducted on the IEEE 30-bus transmission network integrated with multiple IEEE 37-node distribution feeders validate that the proposed framework successfully achieves the desired VSM enhancement while maintaining high estimation accuracy.
title Online Long-Term Voltage Stability Margin Estimation for IBR/DER Dominated Power System with Integrated VSM-Aware TSO-DSO Framework
topic Systems and Control
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.21040