Robust continuous symmetry breaking and multiversality in the chiral Dicke model
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866914502667141120 |
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| author | Yegovtsev, Nikolay Choudhury, Sayan Liu, W. Vincent |
| author_facet | Yegovtsev, Nikolay Choudhury, Sayan Liu, W. Vincent |
| contents | The Dicke model (DM) serves as a paradigm for understanding collective light-matter interactions. We introduce the chiral Dicke model, a generalization where an atomic ensemble couples to a two-mode cavity via chiral interactions. Unlike the standard DM, the chiral DM is endowed with an inherent continuous $U(1)$ symmetry associated with angular momentum conservation. The ground-state phase diagram and the associated quantum phase transitions are charted out, revealing a $U(1)$-broken superradiant phase that spans a broad parameter space. We demonstrate that the spectrum of quantum fluctuations is highly tunable in both the symmetric and broken phases. Strikingly, our calculations reveal that the system exhibits `multiversality', where distinct universality classes govern the transition between the same two phases. In particular, along a special line in parameter space, the dynamical critical exponent for the normal-superradiant phase transition changes from $zν=1$ to $zν=1/2$. Our work establishes the chiral Dicke model as a powerful platform to realize novel quantum phases and multiversal critical phenomena in light-matter coupled systems. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_21820 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Robust continuous symmetry breaking and multiversality in the chiral Dicke model Yegovtsev, Nikolay Choudhury, Sayan Liu, W. Vincent Quantum Physics Quantum Gases The Dicke model (DM) serves as a paradigm for understanding collective light-matter interactions. We introduce the chiral Dicke model, a generalization where an atomic ensemble couples to a two-mode cavity via chiral interactions. Unlike the standard DM, the chiral DM is endowed with an inherent continuous $U(1)$ symmetry associated with angular momentum conservation. The ground-state phase diagram and the associated quantum phase transitions are charted out, revealing a $U(1)$-broken superradiant phase that spans a broad parameter space. We demonstrate that the spectrum of quantum fluctuations is highly tunable in both the symmetric and broken phases. Strikingly, our calculations reveal that the system exhibits `multiversality', where distinct universality classes govern the transition between the same two phases. In particular, along a special line in parameter space, the dynamical critical exponent for the normal-superradiant phase transition changes from $zν=1$ to $zν=1/2$. Our work establishes the chiral Dicke model as a powerful platform to realize novel quantum phases and multiversal critical phenomena in light-matter coupled systems. |
| title | Robust continuous symmetry breaking and multiversality in the chiral Dicke model |
| topic | Quantum Physics Quantum Gases |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.21820 |