A Morphological Identification and Study of Radio Galaxies from LoTSS DR2. I. The "Winged'' Radio Galaxies
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arXiv
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| Autori principali: | , , , , , |
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| Natura: | Preprint |
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2026
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| author | Bera, Soumen Kumar Fang, Taotao Sasmal, Tapan K. Kunert-Bajraszewska, M. Chen, Xuelei Mondal, Soumen |
| author_facet | Bera, Soumen Kumar Fang, Taotao Sasmal, Tapan K. Kunert-Bajraszewska, M. Chen, Xuelei Mondal, Soumen |
| contents | We conducted an extensive identification and analysis of various morphological classes and subclasses of radio galaxies using the latest high-resolution data from the second data release of the LOFAR Two-Metre Sky Survey (LoTSS DR2). This paper presents the first results of our large-scale investigation: a new catalog of ``winged" radio galaxies (WRGs). These objects represent a fascinating class of irregular radio galaxies, characterized by a pair of secondary radio lobes (``wings") in addition to the primary active lobes. We identified and cataloged 621 new WRGs and 403 additional candidates. Among the confirmed winged sources, 382 are classified as ``X"-shaped radio galaxies (XRGs), while the remaining 239 are ``Z"-shaped radio galaxies (ZRGs). We also estimated several basic parameters for these winged sources and performed a Fanaroff-Riley (FR) classification. Our results show that the majority of the sources ($\sim$88\%) exhibit edge-brightened radio lobes and high average radio power ($\rm log_{10}[P_{144MHz} / W Hz^{-1}]$ = 26.25), consistent with an FR-II classification. The average spectral index between 144 MHz and 1.4 GHz is --0.84, which is steeper than that found for previously identified winged sources based on higher-frequency data from the VLA Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-Centimeters (FIRST) survey. This indicates that our study is capable of detecting fainter sources. The median linear size of the winged sources, 498 kpc, confirms that these are large-scale structures, with approximately 16\% having sizes exceeding 0.7 Mpc, making them potential candidates for giant radio galaxies. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_22347 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | A Morphological Identification and Study of Radio Galaxies from LoTSS DR2. I. The "Winged'' Radio Galaxies Bera, Soumen Kumar Fang, Taotao Sasmal, Tapan K. Kunert-Bajraszewska, M. Chen, Xuelei Mondal, Soumen Astrophysics of Galaxies We conducted an extensive identification and analysis of various morphological classes and subclasses of radio galaxies using the latest high-resolution data from the second data release of the LOFAR Two-Metre Sky Survey (LoTSS DR2). This paper presents the first results of our large-scale investigation: a new catalog of ``winged" radio galaxies (WRGs). These objects represent a fascinating class of irregular radio galaxies, characterized by a pair of secondary radio lobes (``wings") in addition to the primary active lobes. We identified and cataloged 621 new WRGs and 403 additional candidates. Among the confirmed winged sources, 382 are classified as ``X"-shaped radio galaxies (XRGs), while the remaining 239 are ``Z"-shaped radio galaxies (ZRGs). We also estimated several basic parameters for these winged sources and performed a Fanaroff-Riley (FR) classification. Our results show that the majority of the sources ($\sim$88\%) exhibit edge-brightened radio lobes and high average radio power ($\rm log_{10}[P_{144MHz} / W Hz^{-1}]$ = 26.25), consistent with an FR-II classification. The average spectral index between 144 MHz and 1.4 GHz is --0.84, which is steeper than that found for previously identified winged sources based on higher-frequency data from the VLA Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-Centimeters (FIRST) survey. This indicates that our study is capable of detecting fainter sources. The median linear size of the winged sources, 498 kpc, confirms that these are large-scale structures, with approximately 16\% having sizes exceeding 0.7 Mpc, making them potential candidates for giant radio galaxies. |
| title | A Morphological Identification and Study of Radio Galaxies from LoTSS DR2. I. The "Winged'' Radio Galaxies |
| topic | Astrophysics of Galaxies |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.22347 |