Resonance Frequency Shift Measurements of SRF Cavities at DESY

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Main Authors: Ghanbari, Rezvan, Buettner, Thorsten, Hillert, Wolfgang, Kasprzak, Karol, Krokotsch, Tom, Monroy-Villa, Ricardo, Reschke, Detlef, Steder, Lea, Sulimov, Alexey, Weise, Hans, Wenskat, Marc, Wiencek, Mateusz, Wolff, Jonas
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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author Ghanbari, Rezvan
Buettner, Thorsten
Hillert, Wolfgang
Kasprzak, Karol
Krokotsch, Tom
Monroy-Villa, Ricardo
Reschke, Detlef
Steder, Lea
Sulimov, Alexey
Weise, Hans
Wenskat, Marc
Wiencek, Mateusz
Wolff, Jonas
author_facet Ghanbari, Rezvan
Buettner, Thorsten
Hillert, Wolfgang
Kasprzak, Karol
Krokotsch, Tom
Monroy-Villa, Ricardo
Reschke, Detlef
Steder, Lea
Sulimov, Alexey
Weise, Hans
Wenskat, Marc
Wiencek, Mateusz
Wolff, Jonas
contents The variation of the resonance frequency and intrinsic quality factor of superconducting radio-frequency cavities during the transition from the superconducting to the normal-conducting state provides essential insight into the fundamental superconducting properties of the cavity material. Investigating these transition dynamics is crucial for the continued advancement of niobium cavities whose near-surface regions are intentionally modified through the controlled introduction of interstitial atoms, such as oxygen and nitrogen, leading to the emergence of several novel behaviors whose underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. This work reports on the development and commissioning of a dedicated frequency-shift measurement setup. In its initial implementation, the system establishes a precise framework for determining the electron mean free path within both the superconducting penetration depth and the normal-conducting skin depth. It further enables investigation of an anomalous dip in the temperature dependence of the frequency shift near the critical temperature in cavities containing interstitial atoms in the near-surface lattice, a novel phenomenon previously reported in the literature. A recent upgrade, currently in the final stage of validation, significantly improves measurement accuracy and reproducibility. The improved setup enables comprehensive studies of the frequency shift and quality factor over the full temperature range above 7 K, contributing to a deeper understanding of the superconducting properties.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_22596
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Resonance Frequency Shift Measurements of SRF Cavities at DESY
Ghanbari, Rezvan
Buettner, Thorsten
Hillert, Wolfgang
Kasprzak, Karol
Krokotsch, Tom
Monroy-Villa, Ricardo
Reschke, Detlef
Steder, Lea
Sulimov, Alexey
Weise, Hans
Wenskat, Marc
Wiencek, Mateusz
Wolff, Jonas
Superconductivity
Accelerator Physics
The variation of the resonance frequency and intrinsic quality factor of superconducting radio-frequency cavities during the transition from the superconducting to the normal-conducting state provides essential insight into the fundamental superconducting properties of the cavity material. Investigating these transition dynamics is crucial for the continued advancement of niobium cavities whose near-surface regions are intentionally modified through the controlled introduction of interstitial atoms, such as oxygen and nitrogen, leading to the emergence of several novel behaviors whose underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. This work reports on the development and commissioning of a dedicated frequency-shift measurement setup. In its initial implementation, the system establishes a precise framework for determining the electron mean free path within both the superconducting penetration depth and the normal-conducting skin depth. It further enables investigation of an anomalous dip in the temperature dependence of the frequency shift near the critical temperature in cavities containing interstitial atoms in the near-surface lattice, a novel phenomenon previously reported in the literature. A recent upgrade, currently in the final stage of validation, significantly improves measurement accuracy and reproducibility. The improved setup enables comprehensive studies of the frequency shift and quality factor over the full temperature range above 7 K, contributing to a deeper understanding of the superconducting properties.
title Resonance Frequency Shift Measurements of SRF Cavities at DESY
topic Superconductivity
Accelerator Physics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.22596