Precision Analysis for $\boldsymbol{H_0}$ Using Upcoming Multi-band Gravitational Wave Observations
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866913059334782976 |
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| author | Setabuddin Haque, Md Riajul Koley, Ratna Pal, Supratik |
| author_facet | Setabuddin Haque, Md Riajul Koley, Ratna Pal, Supratik |
| contents | We investigate how multi-band gravitational wave (GW) observations can constrain the uncertainties in the Hubble parameter ($H_0$) using primordial black holes (PBHs) as possible sources. Our framework combines scalar-induced and merger-induced GWs from PBHs, and forecasts on a combination of two future detectors Square Kilometre Array (SKA) and the Einstein Telescope (ET), enabling a multi-band analysis. We perform a statistical forecast of the PBH parameters, $M_{\rm PBH}$ and $f_{\rm PBH}$, using signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) estimates and Fisher matrix analysis. Imposing $\mathrm{SNR} \geq 1$, we identify the accessible PBH parameter space and propagate these uncertainties to estimate the corresponding uncertainties in $H_0$. For $δθ_i/θ_i \leq 0.1$, with $θ_i \equiv M_{\rm PBH}(f_{\rm PBH})$, we find $δH_0 \lesssim 2~{\rm km\,s^{-1}\,Mpc^{-1}}$ in a conservative approach, improving to $δH_0 \lesssim \mathcal{O}(0.1)~{\rm km\,s^{-1}\,Mpc^{-1}}$ for $δθ_i/θ_i \leq 0.01$ for an optimistic approach of precision measurement. The results are further found to be largely insensitive to the fiducial choice of the $H_0$, with only moderate dependence on the PBH collapse efficiency. These findings demonstrate that multi-band GW observations provide an independent and complementary approach to constraining the uncertainties in $H_0$, with the potential to provide a novel, cosmic distance ladder-independent measure of the Hubble parameter. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_22731 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Precision Analysis for $\boldsymbol{H_0}$ Using Upcoming Multi-band Gravitational Wave Observations Setabuddin Haque, Md Riajul Koley, Ratna Pal, Supratik Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology High Energy Physics - Phenomenology We investigate how multi-band gravitational wave (GW) observations can constrain the uncertainties in the Hubble parameter ($H_0$) using primordial black holes (PBHs) as possible sources. Our framework combines scalar-induced and merger-induced GWs from PBHs, and forecasts on a combination of two future detectors Square Kilometre Array (SKA) and the Einstein Telescope (ET), enabling a multi-band analysis. We perform a statistical forecast of the PBH parameters, $M_{\rm PBH}$ and $f_{\rm PBH}$, using signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) estimates and Fisher matrix analysis. Imposing $\mathrm{SNR} \geq 1$, we identify the accessible PBH parameter space and propagate these uncertainties to estimate the corresponding uncertainties in $H_0$. For $δθ_i/θ_i \leq 0.1$, with $θ_i \equiv M_{\rm PBH}(f_{\rm PBH})$, we find $δH_0 \lesssim 2~{\rm km\,s^{-1}\,Mpc^{-1}}$ in a conservative approach, improving to $δH_0 \lesssim \mathcal{O}(0.1)~{\rm km\,s^{-1}\,Mpc^{-1}}$ for $δθ_i/θ_i \leq 0.01$ for an optimistic approach of precision measurement. The results are further found to be largely insensitive to the fiducial choice of the $H_0$, with only moderate dependence on the PBH collapse efficiency. These findings demonstrate that multi-band GW observations provide an independent and complementary approach to constraining the uncertainties in $H_0$, with the potential to provide a novel, cosmic distance ladder-independent measure of the Hubble parameter. |
| title | Precision Analysis for $\boldsymbol{H_0}$ Using Upcoming Multi-band Gravitational Wave Observations |
| topic | Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology High Energy Physics - Phenomenology |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.22731 |