Learning to Identify Out-of-Distribution Objects for 3D LiDAR Anomaly Segmentation

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Mosco, Simone, Fusaro, Daniel, Pretto, Alberto
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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author Mosco, Simone
Fusaro, Daniel
Pretto, Alberto
author_facet Mosco, Simone
Fusaro, Daniel
Pretto, Alberto
contents Understanding the surrounding environment is fundamental in autonomous driving and robotic perception. Distinguishing between known classes and previously unseen objects is crucial in real-world environments, as done in Anomaly Segmentation. However, research in the 3D field remains limited, with most existing approaches applying post-processing techniques from 2D vision. To cover this lack, we propose a new efficient approach that directly operates in the feature space, modeling the feature distribution of inlier classes to constrain anomalous samples. Moreover, the only publicly available 3D LiDAR anomaly segmentation dataset contains simple scenarios, with few anomaly instances, and exhibits a severe domain gap due to its sensor resolution. To bridge this gap, we introduce a set of mixed real-synthetic datasets for 3D LiDAR anomaly segmentation, built upon established semantic segmentation benchmarks, with multiple out-of-distribution objects and diverse, complex environments. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our approach achieves state-of-the-art and competitive results on the existing real-world dataset and the newly introduced mixed datasets, respectively, validating the effectiveness of our method and the utility of the proposed datasets. Code and datasets are available at https://simom0.github.io/lido-page/.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_23604
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Learning to Identify Out-of-Distribution Objects for 3D LiDAR Anomaly Segmentation
Mosco, Simone
Fusaro, Daniel
Pretto, Alberto
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Robotics
Understanding the surrounding environment is fundamental in autonomous driving and robotic perception. Distinguishing between known classes and previously unseen objects is crucial in real-world environments, as done in Anomaly Segmentation. However, research in the 3D field remains limited, with most existing approaches applying post-processing techniques from 2D vision. To cover this lack, we propose a new efficient approach that directly operates in the feature space, modeling the feature distribution of inlier classes to constrain anomalous samples. Moreover, the only publicly available 3D LiDAR anomaly segmentation dataset contains simple scenarios, with few anomaly instances, and exhibits a severe domain gap due to its sensor resolution. To bridge this gap, we introduce a set of mixed real-synthetic datasets for 3D LiDAR anomaly segmentation, built upon established semantic segmentation benchmarks, with multiple out-of-distribution objects and diverse, complex environments. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our approach achieves state-of-the-art and competitive results on the existing real-world dataset and the newly introduced mixed datasets, respectively, validating the effectiveness of our method and the utility of the proposed datasets. Code and datasets are available at https://simom0.github.io/lido-page/.
title Learning to Identify Out-of-Distribution Objects for 3D LiDAR Anomaly Segmentation
topic Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Robotics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.23604