On Tikhonov Regularization for Direct and Indirect Data-Driven LQR Control

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Zhang, Shuyuan, Wang, Zheming, Jungers, Raphael M.
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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_version_ 1866914507881709568
author Zhang, Shuyuan
Wang, Zheming
Jungers, Raphael M.
author_facet Zhang, Shuyuan
Wang, Zheming
Jungers, Raphael M.
contents In recent years, the so-called `direct data-driven control' has been a topic of intense research, and it is expected that it will become prominent in future complex dynamical systems control. Within this framework, regularization not only implicitly enforces system identification, but also plays a crucial role in ensuring reliable closed-loop behavior. To further enhance the performance of data-driven controllers, we propose a new regularization method for direct data-driven LQR control of unknown LTI systems, based on a regularized covariance parameterization. Unlike existing data-driven techniques, the proposed method remains effective in handling ill-conditioned cases, such as when the data matrix has a large condition number. Then, we demonstrate that our method is equivalent to the indirect certainty-equivalence LQR combined with Tikhonov regularization. Furthermore, we extend our method to the design of controllers for unknown nonlinear systems using Koopman linear embedding. Finally, the simulation results validate the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed regularization method.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_23650
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle On Tikhonov Regularization for Direct and Indirect Data-Driven LQR Control
Zhang, Shuyuan
Wang, Zheming
Jungers, Raphael M.
Optimization and Control
In recent years, the so-called `direct data-driven control' has been a topic of intense research, and it is expected that it will become prominent in future complex dynamical systems control. Within this framework, regularization not only implicitly enforces system identification, but also plays a crucial role in ensuring reliable closed-loop behavior. To further enhance the performance of data-driven controllers, we propose a new regularization method for direct data-driven LQR control of unknown LTI systems, based on a regularized covariance parameterization. Unlike existing data-driven techniques, the proposed method remains effective in handling ill-conditioned cases, such as when the data matrix has a large condition number. Then, we demonstrate that our method is equivalent to the indirect certainty-equivalence LQR combined with Tikhonov regularization. Furthermore, we extend our method to the design of controllers for unknown nonlinear systems using Koopman linear embedding. Finally, the simulation results validate the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed regularization method.
title On Tikhonov Regularization for Direct and Indirect Data-Driven LQR Control
topic Optimization and Control
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.23650