Unified Energy Function Tailored to Inverter-Based Resources with PI Controllers for Transient Stability Analysis
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arXiv
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| Autori principali: | , , , |
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| Natura: | Preprint |
| Pubblicazione: |
2026
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| _version_ | 1866911623329873920 |
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| author | Zhang, Yifan Chiang, Hsiao-Dong Li, Yitong Wu, Yang |
| author_facet | Zhang, Yifan Chiang, Hsiao-Dong Li, Yitong Wu, Yang |
| contents | The increasing penetration of inverter-based resources (IBRs) has fundamentally altered the transient stability characteristics of modern power systems. IBRs typically rely on proportional--integral (PI) controllers for synchronization and regulation, resulting in nonlinear swing equations that differ significantly from those of synchronous generators (SGs) and exhibit state-dependent damping. Consequently, although the classical energy function is often adopted in IBR analysis by analogy with SGs, it cannot be directly applied to IBRs with PI controller. A new energy function explicitly tailored to PI controller is proposed in this letter. It admits a unified form and can be applied to a class of nonlinear systems with PI controllers. Two representative cases are considered, including a grid-following (GFL) inverter and a DC-voltage-controlled grid-forming (GFM) inverter, demonstrating less conservative and more effective estimation of the region of attraction (ROA). All findings are verified through hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) experiments. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_23697 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Unified Energy Function Tailored to Inverter-Based Resources with PI Controllers for Transient Stability Analysis Zhang, Yifan Chiang, Hsiao-Dong Li, Yitong Wu, Yang Systems and Control The increasing penetration of inverter-based resources (IBRs) has fundamentally altered the transient stability characteristics of modern power systems. IBRs typically rely on proportional--integral (PI) controllers for synchronization and regulation, resulting in nonlinear swing equations that differ significantly from those of synchronous generators (SGs) and exhibit state-dependent damping. Consequently, although the classical energy function is often adopted in IBR analysis by analogy with SGs, it cannot be directly applied to IBRs with PI controller. A new energy function explicitly tailored to PI controller is proposed in this letter. It admits a unified form and can be applied to a class of nonlinear systems with PI controllers. Two representative cases are considered, including a grid-following (GFL) inverter and a DC-voltage-controlled grid-forming (GFM) inverter, demonstrating less conservative and more effective estimation of the region of attraction (ROA). All findings are verified through hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) experiments. |
| title | Unified Energy Function Tailored to Inverter-Based Resources with PI Controllers for Transient Stability Analysis |
| topic | Systems and Control |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.23697 |