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Main Authors: Hajji, Taha El, Nadkin, Aleksandr, Skoog, Stefan, Sjöberg, Lars, Nilsson, Kristoffer, Morcos, Anthony C.
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
Subjects:
Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.23707
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author Hajji, Taha El
Nadkin, Aleksandr
Skoog, Stefan
Sjöberg, Lars
Nilsson, Kristoffer
Morcos, Anthony C.
author_facet Hajji, Taha El
Nadkin, Aleksandr
Skoog, Stefan
Sjöberg, Lars
Nilsson, Kristoffer
Morcos, Anthony C.
contents Variable flux memory motors, which employ Low Coercive Force (LCF) magnets, achieve extended high-efficiency operation through controllable magnetization states. To address the need for a unified approach to defining and comparing the magnetization state (MS) across material and motor levels, this paper proposes four MS definitions: two based on intrinsic material properties-magnetic flux density B and magnetic polarization J-and two based on motor-level quantities-fundamental flux linkage and back-EMF components. These definitions are evaluated across the id, iq operating plane using finite element analysis on an interior PMSM with a hybrid magnet configuration (LCF and HCF: High Coercive Force) and a defined circuit setup. The results clarify the relationship between material-level behavior and measurable motor quantities. The proposed framework provides guidance for selecting appropriate MS metrics depending on the application objective, whether for material analysis, control implementation, or condition monitoring in variable flux machines.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_23707
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Defining the Magnetization State of LCF Magnets: From Material Properties to Motor-Level Metrics
Hajji, Taha El
Nadkin, Aleksandr
Skoog, Stefan
Sjöberg, Lars
Nilsson, Kristoffer
Morcos, Anthony C.
Systems and Control
Mathematical Physics
Applied Physics
Variable flux memory motors, which employ Low Coercive Force (LCF) magnets, achieve extended high-efficiency operation through controllable magnetization states. To address the need for a unified approach to defining and comparing the magnetization state (MS) across material and motor levels, this paper proposes four MS definitions: two based on intrinsic material properties-magnetic flux density B and magnetic polarization J-and two based on motor-level quantities-fundamental flux linkage and back-EMF components. These definitions are evaluated across the id, iq operating plane using finite element analysis on an interior PMSM with a hybrid magnet configuration (LCF and HCF: High Coercive Force) and a defined circuit setup. The results clarify the relationship between material-level behavior and measurable motor quantities. The proposed framework provides guidance for selecting appropriate MS metrics depending on the application objective, whether for material analysis, control implementation, or condition monitoring in variable flux machines.
title Defining the Magnetization State of LCF Magnets: From Material Properties to Motor-Level Metrics
topic Systems and Control
Mathematical Physics
Applied Physics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.23707