From Big Bang Nucleosynthesis to Late-Time Acceleration in $f(Q,L_m)$ Gravity
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866908994268823552 |
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| author | Mazumdar, Rajdeep Malakar, Kalyan Bhuyan, Kalyan |
| author_facet | Mazumdar, Rajdeep Malakar, Kalyan Bhuyan, Kalyan |
| contents | We perform a comprehensive investigation of the early-to-late time cosmic evolution within the framework of $f(Q,L_m)$ gravity, characterized by a non-minimal coupling between non-metricity and matter. The model is further tested against a combined set of observational data, including DESI DR2 BAO, previous BAO measurements, cosmic chronometers (CC), and gravitational-wave (GW) standard sirens, using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approach. Further by incorporating the Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) freeze-out constraint, we place stringent limits on the model parameters, ensuring consistency with early-Universe physics. The resulting constraints exhibit strong agreement with observations, with the model successfully describing the transition from decelerated to accelerated expansion. The evolution of the effective equation-of-state parameter, together with statefinder diagnostics and energy conditions, reveals a quintessence-like nature and confirms the physical viability of the model. Overall, the $f(Q,L_m)$ framework emerges as a viable alternative to $Λ$CDM, closely reproducing its predictions while allowing controlled deviations in the expansion history. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_23793 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | From Big Bang Nucleosynthesis to Late-Time Acceleration in $f(Q,L_m)$ Gravity Mazumdar, Rajdeep Malakar, Kalyan Bhuyan, Kalyan General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology We perform a comprehensive investigation of the early-to-late time cosmic evolution within the framework of $f(Q,L_m)$ gravity, characterized by a non-minimal coupling between non-metricity and matter. The model is further tested against a combined set of observational data, including DESI DR2 BAO, previous BAO measurements, cosmic chronometers (CC), and gravitational-wave (GW) standard sirens, using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approach. Further by incorporating the Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) freeze-out constraint, we place stringent limits on the model parameters, ensuring consistency with early-Universe physics. The resulting constraints exhibit strong agreement with observations, with the model successfully describing the transition from decelerated to accelerated expansion. The evolution of the effective equation-of-state parameter, together with statefinder diagnostics and energy conditions, reveals a quintessence-like nature and confirms the physical viability of the model. Overall, the $f(Q,L_m)$ framework emerges as a viable alternative to $Λ$CDM, closely reproducing its predictions while allowing controlled deviations in the expansion history. |
| title | From Big Bang Nucleosynthesis to Late-Time Acceleration in $f(Q,L_m)$ Gravity |
| topic | General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.23793 |