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Main Authors: Han, Guo-Niu, Ji, Kathy Q., Xiong, Huan
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.23959
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author Han, Guo-Niu
Ji, Kathy Q.
Xiong, Huan
author_facet Han, Guo-Niu
Ji, Kathy Q.
Xiong, Huan
contents The concept of context-free grammar in Combinatorics was first introduced by Chen in 1993. In 1996, Dumont significantly extended the theory of context-free grammars to a variety of other combinatorial models. Substantial progress in this direction has been achieved over the last decade. In this paper, we introduce a $q$-analogue of context-free grammars, which we call the $q$-derivative grammar. We establish the basic framework of $q$-grammars and develop the $q$-grammar calculus for computing $q$-exponential generating functions associated with $q$-grammars. Concrete $q$-grammars are constructed to study $q$-Eulerian, $q$-Roselle and $q$-André polynomials, including their generating functions and recurrences. This work extends the grammatical method to the $q$-setting and opens up new research directions.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_23959
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle $q$-Derivative Grammar
Han, Guo-Niu
Ji, Kathy Q.
Xiong, Huan
Combinatorics
The concept of context-free grammar in Combinatorics was first introduced by Chen in 1993. In 1996, Dumont significantly extended the theory of context-free grammars to a variety of other combinatorial models. Substantial progress in this direction has been achieved over the last decade. In this paper, we introduce a $q$-analogue of context-free grammars, which we call the $q$-derivative grammar. We establish the basic framework of $q$-grammars and develop the $q$-grammar calculus for computing $q$-exponential generating functions associated with $q$-grammars. Concrete $q$-grammars are constructed to study $q$-Eulerian, $q$-Roselle and $q$-André polynomials, including their generating functions and recurrences. This work extends the grammatical method to the $q$-setting and opens up new research directions.
title $q$-Derivative Grammar
topic Combinatorics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.23959