Constraining the nature of active galactic nuclei through circumgalactic Lya emission at z=2-3

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Zhang, Shiwu, Cai, Zheng, Battaia, Fabrizio Arrigoni, Cantalupo, Sebastiano, Li, Mingyu, Wang, Ben, Guo, Yuduo, Obreja, Aura, Zhang, Haibin, Li, Zihao, Quan, Donghui
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2026
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author Zhang, Shiwu
Cai, Zheng
Battaia, Fabrizio Arrigoni
Cantalupo, Sebastiano
Li, Mingyu
Wang, Ben
Guo, Yuduo
Obreja, Aura
Zhang, Haibin
Li, Zihao
Quan, Donghui
author_facet Zhang, Shiwu
Cai, Zheng
Battaia, Fabrizio Arrigoni
Cantalupo, Sebastiano
Li, Mingyu
Wang, Ben
Guo, Yuduo
Obreja, Aura
Zhang, Haibin
Li, Zihao
Quan, Donghui
contents We present a comprehensive analysis of circumgalactic Lya nebulae around 59 unobscured and 26 obscured quasars at z=2-3, observed with the Keck Cosmic Web Imager (KCWI), to constrain the nature of active galactic nuclei (AGN) at cosmic noon. We find that Lya nebulae around unobscured quasars are significantly less symmetric having a symmetry parameter of a_w=0.2-0.6 and more spatially extended having a scale length of r_h=10.7+/-0.5 kpc than those around obscured quasars (a_w=0.6-0.8; r_h=6.6-7.7 kpc).Unobscured quasars also exhibit steeply declining velocity dispersion profiles with the slope of -4.3+/-0.4 km s^-1 kpc^-1, indicative of large-scale outflows, whereas obscured quasars display flat profiles (-0.2+/-0.7 and -0.6+/-0.4 km s^-1 kpc^-1). The degree of quasar obscuration appears to be intrinsically linked to nebular asymmetry and extent, a relationship that could be in tension with the standard orientation-based AGN unified model, as it expects unobscured-quasar nebulae to be more symmetric and compact. These results naturally fit the evolutionary scenario, where AGN feedback drives a transition from an obscured to an unobscured phase-progressively redistributing gas to larger radii, introducing anisotropy, and driving turbulence. Taken together, our findings favor the evolutionary scenario over the purely orientation-based unified model for quasars at cosmic noon.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_25127
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Constraining the nature of active galactic nuclei through circumgalactic Lya emission at z=2-3
Zhang, Shiwu
Cai, Zheng
Battaia, Fabrizio Arrigoni
Cantalupo, Sebastiano
Li, Mingyu
Wang, Ben
Guo, Yuduo
Obreja, Aura
Zhang, Haibin
Li, Zihao
Quan, Donghui
Astrophysics of Galaxies
We present a comprehensive analysis of circumgalactic Lya nebulae around 59 unobscured and 26 obscured quasars at z=2-3, observed with the Keck Cosmic Web Imager (KCWI), to constrain the nature of active galactic nuclei (AGN) at cosmic noon. We find that Lya nebulae around unobscured quasars are significantly less symmetric having a symmetry parameter of a_w=0.2-0.6 and more spatially extended having a scale length of r_h=10.7+/-0.5 kpc than those around obscured quasars (a_w=0.6-0.8; r_h=6.6-7.7 kpc).Unobscured quasars also exhibit steeply declining velocity dispersion profiles with the slope of -4.3+/-0.4 km s^-1 kpc^-1, indicative of large-scale outflows, whereas obscured quasars display flat profiles (-0.2+/-0.7 and -0.6+/-0.4 km s^-1 kpc^-1). The degree of quasar obscuration appears to be intrinsically linked to nebular asymmetry and extent, a relationship that could be in tension with the standard orientation-based AGN unified model, as it expects unobscured-quasar nebulae to be more symmetric and compact. These results naturally fit the evolutionary scenario, where AGN feedback drives a transition from an obscured to an unobscured phase-progressively redistributing gas to larger radii, introducing anisotropy, and driving turbulence. Taken together, our findings favor the evolutionary scenario over the purely orientation-based unified model for quasars at cosmic noon.
title Constraining the nature of active galactic nuclei through circumgalactic Lya emission at z=2-3
topic Astrophysics of Galaxies
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.25127