Tight Bounds for some W[1]-hard Problems Parameterized by Multi-clique-width
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866910174783995904 |
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| author | Bergougnoux, Benjamin Chekan, Vera Kratsch, Stefan |
| author_facet | Bergougnoux, Benjamin Chekan, Vera Kratsch, Stefan |
| contents | In this work we contribute to the study of the fine-grained complexity of problems parameterized by multi-clique-width, which was initiated by Fürer [ITCS 2017] and pursued further by Chekan and Kratsch [MFCS 2023]. Multi-clique-width is a parameter defined analogously to clique-width but every vertex is allowed to hold multiple labels simultaneously. This parameter is upper-bounded by both clique-width and treewidth (plus a constant), hence it generalizes both of them without an exponential blow-up. Conversely, graphs of multi-clique-width $k$ have clique-width at most $2^k$, and there exist graphs with clique-width at least $2^{Ω(k)}$. Thus, while the two parameters are functionally equivalent, the fine-grained complexity of problems may differ relative to them.
As our first and main result we show that under ETH the Max Cut problem cannot be solved in time $n^{2^{o(k)}} \cdot f(k)$ on graphs of multi-clique-width $k$ for any computable function $f$. For clique-width $k$ an $n^{\mathcal{O}(k)}$ algorithm by Fomin et al. [SIAM J. Comput. 2014] is tight under ETH. This makes Max Cut the first known problem for which the tight running times differ for parameterization by clique-width and multi-clique-width and it contributes to the short list of known lower bounds of form $n^{2^{o(k)}} \cdot f(k)$. As our second contribution we show that Hamiltonian Cycle and Edge Dominating Set can be solved in time $n^{\mathcal{O}(k)}$ on graphs of multi-clique-width $k$ matching the tight running time for clique-width. These results answer three questions left open by Chekan and Kratsch [MFCS 2023]. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_25841 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Tight Bounds for some W[1]-hard Problems Parameterized by Multi-clique-width Bergougnoux, Benjamin Chekan, Vera Kratsch, Stefan Data Structures and Algorithms F.2.2 In this work we contribute to the study of the fine-grained complexity of problems parameterized by multi-clique-width, which was initiated by Fürer [ITCS 2017] and pursued further by Chekan and Kratsch [MFCS 2023]. Multi-clique-width is a parameter defined analogously to clique-width but every vertex is allowed to hold multiple labels simultaneously. This parameter is upper-bounded by both clique-width and treewidth (plus a constant), hence it generalizes both of them without an exponential blow-up. Conversely, graphs of multi-clique-width $k$ have clique-width at most $2^k$, and there exist graphs with clique-width at least $2^{Ω(k)}$. Thus, while the two parameters are functionally equivalent, the fine-grained complexity of problems may differ relative to them. As our first and main result we show that under ETH the Max Cut problem cannot be solved in time $n^{2^{o(k)}} \cdot f(k)$ on graphs of multi-clique-width $k$ for any computable function $f$. For clique-width $k$ an $n^{\mathcal{O}(k)}$ algorithm by Fomin et al. [SIAM J. Comput. 2014] is tight under ETH. This makes Max Cut the first known problem for which the tight running times differ for parameterization by clique-width and multi-clique-width and it contributes to the short list of known lower bounds of form $n^{2^{o(k)}} \cdot f(k)$. As our second contribution we show that Hamiltonian Cycle and Edge Dominating Set can be solved in time $n^{\mathcal{O}(k)}$ on graphs of multi-clique-width $k$ matching the tight running time for clique-width. These results answer three questions left open by Chekan and Kratsch [MFCS 2023]. |
| title | Tight Bounds for some W[1]-hard Problems Parameterized by Multi-clique-width |
| topic | Data Structures and Algorithms F.2.2 |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.25841 |