Coexistence of patterned phases in chemically active multicomponent mixtures
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arXiv
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2026
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| _version_ | 1866910177240809472 |
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| author | Luo, Chengjie Qiang, Yicheng Kusters, Guido L. A. Zwicker, David |
| author_facet | Luo, Chengjie Qiang, Yicheng Kusters, Guido L. A. Zwicker, David |
| contents | Chemically active mixtures exhibit complex patterns that emerge from the interplay of physical interactions and reactions among components. Individually, these two processes are well-understood: Physical interactions can give rise to phase separation, whereas reactions can form reaction-diffusion patterns. To understand the combination of both processes, we identify a Lyapunov functional for a class of chemical reactions. By minimizing this functional, we identify a generalized Gibbs phase rule that governs the number of coexisting patterns, and we demonstrate that complex patterns can be created by the modular combination of independent phases. Our theory unveils complex stationary patterns in chemically active mixtures and provides a framework for analyzing more complex systems. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_26346 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Coexistence of patterned phases in chemically active multicomponent mixtures Luo, Chengjie Qiang, Yicheng Kusters, Guido L. A. Zwicker, David Soft Condensed Matter Statistical Mechanics Biological Physics Chemically active mixtures exhibit complex patterns that emerge from the interplay of physical interactions and reactions among components. Individually, these two processes are well-understood: Physical interactions can give rise to phase separation, whereas reactions can form reaction-diffusion patterns. To understand the combination of both processes, we identify a Lyapunov functional for a class of chemical reactions. By minimizing this functional, we identify a generalized Gibbs phase rule that governs the number of coexisting patterns, and we demonstrate that complex patterns can be created by the modular combination of independent phases. Our theory unveils complex stationary patterns in chemically active mixtures and provides a framework for analyzing more complex systems. |
| title | Coexistence of patterned phases in chemically active multicomponent mixtures |
| topic | Soft Condensed Matter Statistical Mechanics Biological Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.26346 |