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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.26574 |
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| _version_ | 1866918474290298880 |
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| author | Jia, X. D. Gao, D. H. Chen, J. H. Wu, Q. Yi, S. X. Wang, F. Y. |
| author_facet | Jia, X. D. Gao, D. H. Chen, J. H. Wu, Q. Yi, S. X. Wang, F. Y. |
| contents | Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are enigmatic millisecond-duration radio transients whose physical origins remain debated. To shed light on this, we analyze the CHIME/FRB Catalog 2. By using the probability distribution of dispersion measured (DM) derived from the IllustrisTGN simulation, we compute the pseudo-redshift with $1σ$ error for each FRB. To derive the FRB luminosity function and event rate, we employ a non-parametric statistical method. Building upon Efron-Petrosian method, we find strong luminosity evolution with redshift, well described by $L_0 \propto (1+z)^{6.38}$. After de-evolving this trend, we apply Lynden-Bell's $C^-$ method to derive the comoving FRB formation rate which is found to decline rapidly at high redshift, following $ρ(z) \propto (1+z)^{-5.38 \pm 0.02}$. We also test the robustness of our results by considering the upper and lower limits of pseudo-redshifts, and different flux limits of CHIME. Similar results are found. This steep decline is inconsistent with a direct tracing of the cosmic star formation rate, but closely resembles the redshift evolution of short gamma-ray bursts-systems linked to compact object mergers. Our results support that the origin of FRBs is associated with old populations, such as neutron stars and black holes. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_26574 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Cosmological evolution of fast radio bursts and its rapid decline relative to star formation rate Jia, X. D. Gao, D. H. Chen, J. H. Wu, Q. Yi, S. X. Wang, F. Y. High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are enigmatic millisecond-duration radio transients whose physical origins remain debated. To shed light on this, we analyze the CHIME/FRB Catalog 2. By using the probability distribution of dispersion measured (DM) derived from the IllustrisTGN simulation, we compute the pseudo-redshift with $1σ$ error for each FRB. To derive the FRB luminosity function and event rate, we employ a non-parametric statistical method. Building upon Efron-Petrosian method, we find strong luminosity evolution with redshift, well described by $L_0 \propto (1+z)^{6.38}$. After de-evolving this trend, we apply Lynden-Bell's $C^-$ method to derive the comoving FRB formation rate which is found to decline rapidly at high redshift, following $ρ(z) \propto (1+z)^{-5.38 \pm 0.02}$. We also test the robustness of our results by considering the upper and lower limits of pseudo-redshifts, and different flux limits of CHIME. Similar results are found. This steep decline is inconsistent with a direct tracing of the cosmic star formation rate, but closely resembles the redshift evolution of short gamma-ray bursts-systems linked to compact object mergers. Our results support that the origin of FRBs is associated with old populations, such as neutron stars and black holes. |
| title | Cosmological evolution of fast radio bursts and its rapid decline relative to star formation rate |
| topic | High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.26574 |