Can AI be a moral victim? The role of moral patiency and ownership perceptions in ethical judgments of using AI-generated content

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Autori principali: Choung, Hyesun, Kim, Soojong
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2026
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author Choung, Hyesun
Kim, Soojong
author_facet Choung, Hyesun
Kim, Soojong
contents The growing use of generative AI raises ethical concerns about authorship and plagiarism. This study examines how people judge the reuse of AI-generated content, focusing on moral patiency and ownership perceptions. In an experiment, participants evaluated two substantively similar manuscripts in which the original source was described as authored by a human, an AI system, or an AI agent with a human-like name. Results showed that copying AI-generated work was judged less unethical, less plagiaristic, and less guilt-inducing than copying human-authored work. Mediation analyses revealed that this leniency stemmed from lower perceptions of AI's capacity to suffer harm (moral patiency) and greater ownership attributed to the human writer reusing AI-generated content. Anthropomorphic cues shaped moral evaluations indirectly by reducing perceived ownership. These findings shed light on how people morally disengage when using AI-generated work and highlight differences in how ethical judgments are applied to human versus AI-created content.
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id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_26956
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publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Can AI be a moral victim? The role of moral patiency and ownership perceptions in ethical judgments of using AI-generated content
Choung, Hyesun
Kim, Soojong
Computers and Society
Artificial Intelligence
Human-Computer Interaction
The growing use of generative AI raises ethical concerns about authorship and plagiarism. This study examines how people judge the reuse of AI-generated content, focusing on moral patiency and ownership perceptions. In an experiment, participants evaluated two substantively similar manuscripts in which the original source was described as authored by a human, an AI system, or an AI agent with a human-like name. Results showed that copying AI-generated work was judged less unethical, less plagiaristic, and less guilt-inducing than copying human-authored work. Mediation analyses revealed that this leniency stemmed from lower perceptions of AI's capacity to suffer harm (moral patiency) and greater ownership attributed to the human writer reusing AI-generated content. Anthropomorphic cues shaped moral evaluations indirectly by reducing perceived ownership. These findings shed light on how people morally disengage when using AI-generated work and highlight differences in how ethical judgments are applied to human versus AI-created content.
title Can AI be a moral victim? The role of moral patiency and ownership perceptions in ethical judgments of using AI-generated content
topic Computers and Society
Artificial Intelligence
Human-Computer Interaction
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.26956