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| Natura: | Preprint |
| Pubblicazione: |
2026
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| Accesso online: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.27856 |
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| _version_ | 1866917450884317184 |
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| author | Taye, Mesfin |
| author_facet | Taye, Mesfin |
| contents | A pygmy shrew (\textit{Suncus etruscus}, ${\approx}2$\,g) sustains a resting heart rate near $1{,}000$\,beats\,min$^{-1}$ and dies within two years; an African elephant (${\approx}4{,}000$\,kg) beats at $28$\,beats\,min$^{-1}$ and lives seven decades. Their chronological lifespans differ by a factor of 35, yet each accumulates close to $10^9$ cardiac cycles before death -- a near-constancy first noted by Rubner~(1908) and quantified by Lindstedt and Calder~(1981)~\cite{lindstedt1981}, but never subjected to multi-clade statistical testing, phylogenetic correction, or explicit falsifiability criteria with a large modern dataset. We address this gap with a curated 230-species vertebrate dataset spanning non-primate placentals ($n=43$), primates ($n=18$), marsupials and monotremes ($n=19$), duty-cycle-corrected bats ($n=31$), dive-corrected cetaceans ($n=12$), birds ($n=78$), and Arrhenius-corrected ectotherms ($n=26$), and subject the log-invariant $\ell = \log_{10}(N^{\!\star})$ -- where $N^{\!\star} = f_H\,L\times 525{,}960$ cardiac cycles -- to four independent tests. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_27856 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | The Lifetime Cardiac-Cycle Invariant in Endothermic Vertebrates: A 230-Species Comparative Dataset, Statistical Validation, and Explicit Falsifiability Criteria Taye, Mesfin Biological Physics A pygmy shrew (\textit{Suncus etruscus}, ${\approx}2$\,g) sustains a resting heart rate near $1{,}000$\,beats\,min$^{-1}$ and dies within two years; an African elephant (${\approx}4{,}000$\,kg) beats at $28$\,beats\,min$^{-1}$ and lives seven decades. Their chronological lifespans differ by a factor of 35, yet each accumulates close to $10^9$ cardiac cycles before death -- a near-constancy first noted by Rubner~(1908) and quantified by Lindstedt and Calder~(1981)~\cite{lindstedt1981}, but never subjected to multi-clade statistical testing, phylogenetic correction, or explicit falsifiability criteria with a large modern dataset. We address this gap with a curated 230-species vertebrate dataset spanning non-primate placentals ($n=43$), primates ($n=18$), marsupials and monotremes ($n=19$), duty-cycle-corrected bats ($n=31$), dive-corrected cetaceans ($n=12$), birds ($n=78$), and Arrhenius-corrected ectotherms ($n=26$), and subject the log-invariant $\ell = \log_{10}(N^{\!\star})$ -- where $N^{\!\star} = f_H\,L\times 525{,}960$ cardiac cycles -- to four independent tests. |
| title | The Lifetime Cardiac-Cycle Invariant in Endothermic Vertebrates: A 230-Species Comparative Dataset, Statistical Validation, and Explicit Falsifiability Criteria |
| topic | Biological Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.27856 |