Upstream neutrino production and delayed jet emission in the blazar GB6 J1542+6129
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| Auteurs principaux: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866910183854178304 |
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| author | Kun, Emma Bartos, Imre Hadi, Breshna Göblyös, Anna Tjus, Julia Becker Biermann, Peter L. Franckowiak, Anna Halzen, Francis del Palacio, Santiago Ricci, Claudio |
| author_facet | Kun, Emma Bartos, Imre Hadi, Breshna Göblyös, Anna Tjus, Julia Becker Biermann, Peter L. Franckowiak, Anna Halzen, Francis del Palacio, Santiago Ricci, Claudio |
| contents | We investigate the physical origin and location of high-energy neutrino emission in active galactic nuclei (AGN) using the blazar GB6 J1542+6129 as a case study, testing whether neutrinos are produced in compact regions near the black hole or in parsec-scale jets. This question is central to understanding the conditions under which hadronic processes become efficient in AGN environments. We perform a multimessenger analysis combining ~17 years of Fermi-LAT gamma-ray data, including a 5% adaptively binned light curve and Bayesian block decomposition, with ~14 years of VLBI/MOJAVE observations to derive the Doppler factor evolution of the radio core. These are compared to the temporal properties of a suspected IceCube neutrino flare with a duration of $147^{+110}_{-25}$ days. We find that the suspected neutrino flare precedes both a gamma-ray flare and a pronounced increase in the VLBI core Doppler factor by ~1 year. This delay is consistent with the propagation time of a disturbance from the central engine to the 15GHz radio core. The duration of the post-flare gamma-ray activity is similar to that of the neutrino flare. The broadband gamma-ray spectral energy distributions remain consistent in shape across the full, flare, and post-flare intervals, indicating stable particle acceleration conditions. The temporal ordering favors neutrino production upstream of the VLBI core. GB6 J1542+6129 provides evidence for spatially separated neutrino and gamma-ray/radio emission regions in AGN. The observations are consistent with a disturbance-driven, multi-zone scenario in which neutrinos are produced in a compact, photon-rich region near the central engine, while the same disturbance later enhances Doppler-boosted leptonic emission at the parsec-scale VLBI core. These results demonstrate the power of multimessenger observations in constraining the origin of astrophysical neutrinos. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_00785 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Upstream neutrino production and delayed jet emission in the blazar GB6 J1542+6129 Kun, Emma Bartos, Imre Hadi, Breshna Göblyös, Anna Tjus, Julia Becker Biermann, Peter L. Franckowiak, Anna Halzen, Francis del Palacio, Santiago Ricci, Claudio High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena We investigate the physical origin and location of high-energy neutrino emission in active galactic nuclei (AGN) using the blazar GB6 J1542+6129 as a case study, testing whether neutrinos are produced in compact regions near the black hole or in parsec-scale jets. This question is central to understanding the conditions under which hadronic processes become efficient in AGN environments. We perform a multimessenger analysis combining ~17 years of Fermi-LAT gamma-ray data, including a 5% adaptively binned light curve and Bayesian block decomposition, with ~14 years of VLBI/MOJAVE observations to derive the Doppler factor evolution of the radio core. These are compared to the temporal properties of a suspected IceCube neutrino flare with a duration of $147^{+110}_{-25}$ days. We find that the suspected neutrino flare precedes both a gamma-ray flare and a pronounced increase in the VLBI core Doppler factor by ~1 year. This delay is consistent with the propagation time of a disturbance from the central engine to the 15GHz radio core. The duration of the post-flare gamma-ray activity is similar to that of the neutrino flare. The broadband gamma-ray spectral energy distributions remain consistent in shape across the full, flare, and post-flare intervals, indicating stable particle acceleration conditions. The temporal ordering favors neutrino production upstream of the VLBI core. GB6 J1542+6129 provides evidence for spatially separated neutrino and gamma-ray/radio emission regions in AGN. The observations are consistent with a disturbance-driven, multi-zone scenario in which neutrinos are produced in a compact, photon-rich region near the central engine, while the same disturbance later enhances Doppler-boosted leptonic emission at the parsec-scale VLBI core. These results demonstrate the power of multimessenger observations in constraining the origin of astrophysical neutrinos. |
| title | Upstream neutrino production and delayed jet emission in the blazar GB6 J1542+6129 |
| topic | High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.00785 |