Collusion Relations and their Applications to Balance Theory

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Hauptverfasser: Joinet, Jean-Baptiste, Olarte, Carlos
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2026
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author Joinet, Jean-Baptiste
Olarte, Carlos
author_facet Joinet, Jean-Baptiste
Olarte, Carlos
contents We study quadrangular properties of binary relations on a set $X$~--i.e., properties defined on configurations of four elements--~within an agonistic interpretation, where $xRy$ is interpreted as $x$ ``attacks''~$y$. Such relations induce a suitable notion of ``protection,'' and we provide necessary and sufficient conditions for this notion to be consistent. We characterize the balance property in signed frames in terms of a specific quadrangular property, namely collusivity. In this way, we generalize a classical result in balance theory by offering an alternative method for determining whether a network is polarized. That is, one can identify well-formed groups of agents that agree with one another within the same group (a set of allies) while disagreeing with, or attacking, agents outside the group. Furthermore, we extend the balance theorem to non-symmetric relations, thereby relaxing a condition required in standard balance theory. We conclude by giving a modal characterization of collusive frames, together with corresponding rules in a labeled sequent calculus, and we show that previous modal characterizations of balance are derivable within this system.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_01843
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Collusion Relations and their Applications to Balance Theory
Joinet, Jean-Baptiste
Olarte, Carlos
Logic in Computer Science
We study quadrangular properties of binary relations on a set $X$~--i.e., properties defined on configurations of four elements--~within an agonistic interpretation, where $xRy$ is interpreted as $x$ ``attacks''~$y$. Such relations induce a suitable notion of ``protection,'' and we provide necessary and sufficient conditions for this notion to be consistent. We characterize the balance property in signed frames in terms of a specific quadrangular property, namely collusivity. In this way, we generalize a classical result in balance theory by offering an alternative method for determining whether a network is polarized. That is, one can identify well-formed groups of agents that agree with one another within the same group (a set of allies) while disagreeing with, or attacking, agents outside the group. Furthermore, we extend the balance theorem to non-symmetric relations, thereby relaxing a condition required in standard balance theory. We conclude by giving a modal characterization of collusive frames, together with corresponding rules in a labeled sequent calculus, and we show that previous modal characterizations of balance are derivable within this system.
title Collusion Relations and their Applications to Balance Theory
topic Logic in Computer Science
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.01843