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Main Authors: Lu, Shengdong, Frenk, Carlos S., Lacey, Cedric G., Gebek, Andrea, Schaye, Joop, Cole, Shaun, Bose, Sownak, Andreadis, Nick, Baes, Maarten, Benítez-Llambay, Alejandro, Chaikin, Evgenii, Crain, Robert A., Durrant, Anna, Huško, Filip, Ploeckinger, Sylvia, Richings, Alexander J., Schaller, Matthieu, Trayford, James W.
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.02022
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author Lu, Shengdong
Frenk, Carlos S.
Lacey, Cedric G.
Gebek, Andrea
Schaye, Joop
Cole, Shaun
Bose, Sownak
Andreadis, Nick
Baes, Maarten
Benítez-Llambay, Alejandro
Chaikin, Evgenii
Crain, Robert A.
Durrant, Anna
Huško, Filip
Ploeckinger, Sylvia
Richings, Alexander J.
Schaller, Matthieu
Trayford, James W.
author_facet Lu, Shengdong
Frenk, Carlos S.
Lacey, Cedric G.
Gebek, Andrea
Schaye, Joop
Cole, Shaun
Bose, Sownak
Andreadis, Nick
Baes, Maarten
Benítez-Llambay, Alejandro
Chaikin, Evgenii
Crain, Robert A.
Durrant, Anna
Huško, Filip
Ploeckinger, Sylvia
Richings, Alexander J.
Schaller, Matthieu
Trayford, James W.
contents We present predictions from the recent COLIBRE cosmological hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy formation for the present-day galaxy luminosity functions (LFs) at wavelengths ranging from the far-ultraviolet (FUV) to the submillimetre. The simulations are post-processed with the radiative transfer code SKIRT, accounting for dust attenuation and emission using the distribution and properties of dust grains predicted directly by COLIBRE. Results from simulations varying in mass resolution by a factor of $\sim 10^2$ ($\sim 10^5 - 10^7\,\mathrm{M_{\odot}}$) show very good convergence over most luminosity ranges. The COLIBRE-SKIRT LFs match the data remarkably well from the FUV to the near-infrared ($3.4\,\mathrm{μm}$) and also in the far-infrared and submillimetre wavelength range ($70-850\,\mathrm{μm}$). In the mid-infrared (MIR; $8-24\,\mathrm{μm}$), COLIBRE-SKIRT matches the data well at low luminosities but significantly underpredicts the luminosities of MIR-bright galaxies, with the discrepancy increasing towards longer wavelengths. The total infrared LF, obtained by integrating the spectral energy distributions over $8-1000\,\mathrm{μm}$, also matches observations well at the faint end but underpredicts the number of very bright galaxies. The unprecedented agreement at all other wavelengths indicates that COLIBRE, coupled with this calibration-free SKIRT post-processing framework, successfully predicts the properties of stellar populations at the present day and the amount and distribution of interstellar dust.
format Preprint
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institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Galaxy luminosity functions from far-UV to submillimetre at $z=0$ in the COLIBRE simulations
Lu, Shengdong
Frenk, Carlos S.
Lacey, Cedric G.
Gebek, Andrea
Schaye, Joop
Cole, Shaun
Bose, Sownak
Andreadis, Nick
Baes, Maarten
Benítez-Llambay, Alejandro
Chaikin, Evgenii
Crain, Robert A.
Durrant, Anna
Huško, Filip
Ploeckinger, Sylvia
Richings, Alexander J.
Schaller, Matthieu
Trayford, James W.
Astrophysics of Galaxies
We present predictions from the recent COLIBRE cosmological hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy formation for the present-day galaxy luminosity functions (LFs) at wavelengths ranging from the far-ultraviolet (FUV) to the submillimetre. The simulations are post-processed with the radiative transfer code SKIRT, accounting for dust attenuation and emission using the distribution and properties of dust grains predicted directly by COLIBRE. Results from simulations varying in mass resolution by a factor of $\sim 10^2$ ($\sim 10^5 - 10^7\,\mathrm{M_{\odot}}$) show very good convergence over most luminosity ranges. The COLIBRE-SKIRT LFs match the data remarkably well from the FUV to the near-infrared ($3.4\,\mathrm{μm}$) and also in the far-infrared and submillimetre wavelength range ($70-850\,\mathrm{μm}$). In the mid-infrared (MIR; $8-24\,\mathrm{μm}$), COLIBRE-SKIRT matches the data well at low luminosities but significantly underpredicts the luminosities of MIR-bright galaxies, with the discrepancy increasing towards longer wavelengths. The total infrared LF, obtained by integrating the spectral energy distributions over $8-1000\,\mathrm{μm}$, also matches observations well at the faint end but underpredicts the number of very bright galaxies. The unprecedented agreement at all other wavelengths indicates that COLIBRE, coupled with this calibration-free SKIRT post-processing framework, successfully predicts the properties of stellar populations at the present day and the amount and distribution of interstellar dust.
title Galaxy luminosity functions from far-UV to submillimetre at $z=0$ in the COLIBRE simulations
topic Astrophysics of Galaxies
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.02022