3D Quantum Hall Effect with Two Distinct Plateaus
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| author | Li, Jun-Hong Chen, Yi-Yuan Zhao, Peng-Lu Lu, Hai-Zhou Xie, X. C. |
| author_facet | Li, Jun-Hong Chen, Yi-Yuan Zhao, Peng-Lu Lu, Hai-Zhou Xie, X. C. |
| contents | The recent discovery of the 3D quantum Hall effect in $\mathrm{HfTe_5}$ has also revealed puzzling signatures of possible 3D fractionalization. Beyond the first plateau associated with the lowest Landau band, Hall conductivity exhibits a second plateau with a value of about $3/5$ of the first, accompanied by a suppressed longitudinal resistivity. Here, we attribute this second plateau to an insulating ground state arising from spin-density-wave order. We show that a magnetic-field-driven Lifshitz transition causes the spin-down holelike zeroth Landau band to cross the Fermi energy and that the resulting nesting between the lowest spin-up and spin-down Landau bands induces a spin-density wave. We calculate the Hall and longitudinal resistivity and reproduce the experimental behaviors. Our renormalization-group analysis further supports this insulating ground state. Our work reveals that the tunability of Landau bands along the magnetic-field direction endows the 3D quantum Hall effect with a broader phenomenology than its 2D counterpart and merits further exploration. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_02188 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | 3D Quantum Hall Effect with Two Distinct Plateaus Li, Jun-Hong Chen, Yi-Yuan Zhao, Peng-Lu Lu, Hai-Zhou Xie, X. C. Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Materials Science Strongly Correlated Electrons The recent discovery of the 3D quantum Hall effect in $\mathrm{HfTe_5}$ has also revealed puzzling signatures of possible 3D fractionalization. Beyond the first plateau associated with the lowest Landau band, Hall conductivity exhibits a second plateau with a value of about $3/5$ of the first, accompanied by a suppressed longitudinal resistivity. Here, we attribute this second plateau to an insulating ground state arising from spin-density-wave order. We show that a magnetic-field-driven Lifshitz transition causes the spin-down holelike zeroth Landau band to cross the Fermi energy and that the resulting nesting between the lowest spin-up and spin-down Landau bands induces a spin-density wave. We calculate the Hall and longitudinal resistivity and reproduce the experimental behaviors. Our renormalization-group analysis further supports this insulating ground state. Our work reveals that the tunability of Landau bands along the magnetic-field direction endows the 3D quantum Hall effect with a broader phenomenology than its 2D counterpart and merits further exploration. |
| title | 3D Quantum Hall Effect with Two Distinct Plateaus |
| topic | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Materials Science Strongly Correlated Electrons |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.02188 |