Interlayer Five-Spin Polaron in Superconducting Bilayer Nickelates
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arXiv
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| Natura: | Preprint |
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2026
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| author | Li, Jiarui Parzyck, Christopher T. Lomeli, Eder G. Liu, Yidi Kim, Taehun Lee, Heemin Zhuo, Zengqing Ko, Eun Kyo Tarn, Yaoju Kuo, Cheng-Tai Sutarto, Ronny Jia, Chunjing Thampy, Vivek Moritz, Brian Yu, Yijun Lee, Jun-Sik Bisogni, Valentina Devereaux, Thomas P. Hwang, Harold Y. Lee, Wei-Sheng |
| author_facet | Li, Jiarui Parzyck, Christopher T. Lomeli, Eder G. Liu, Yidi Kim, Taehun Lee, Heemin Zhuo, Zengqing Ko, Eun Kyo Tarn, Yaoju Kuo, Cheng-Tai Sutarto, Ronny Jia, Chunjing Thampy, Vivek Moritz, Brian Yu, Yijun Lee, Jun-Sik Bisogni, Valentina Devereaux, Thomas P. Hwang, Harold Y. Lee, Wei-Sheng |
| contents | The discovery of high-$T_c$ superconductivity in Ruddlesden-Popper nickelates has sparked substantial effort towards understanding unconventional electronic states beyond a traditional cuprate-like d^9 configurational ground state. An understanding of the interplay between magnetic ground states and multi-orbital physics is key for establishing a microscopic mechanism for superconductivity. In the bilayer nickelates, spin density wave (SDW) order is a prominent feature in the non-superconducting regime. However, its relation to superconducting pairing remains an open question. Here, we use resonant x-ray scattering to examine the existence of SDW order in superconducting bilayer nickelate thin films La$_2$PrNi$_2$O$_7$ (LPNO). Comparing superconducting and oxygen-deficient LPNO thin films, we find that superconductivity occurs in SDW-free, oxygen-stoichiometric regions, whereas oxygen-deficiency promotes SDW order, indicating phase segregation of SDW and superconductivity. Furthermore, Ni-$L_3$ and O-$K$ edge spectroscopy reveals distinct electronic structures - particularly along the $c$-axis - between the two domains. Our results identify oxygen stoichiometry as a key parameter controlling interlayer coupling and thus the electronic structure of bilayer nickelates. In concert with theory, we propose that a ligand hole primarily resides at the inter-bilayer apical oxygen, forming a robust interlayer five-spin polaron state, which serves as the ground state for superconducting bilayer nickelates. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_02891 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Interlayer Five-Spin Polaron in Superconducting Bilayer Nickelates Li, Jiarui Parzyck, Christopher T. Lomeli, Eder G. Liu, Yidi Kim, Taehun Lee, Heemin Zhuo, Zengqing Ko, Eun Kyo Tarn, Yaoju Kuo, Cheng-Tai Sutarto, Ronny Jia, Chunjing Thampy, Vivek Moritz, Brian Yu, Yijun Lee, Jun-Sik Bisogni, Valentina Devereaux, Thomas P. Hwang, Harold Y. Lee, Wei-Sheng Strongly Correlated Electrons Superconductivity The discovery of high-$T_c$ superconductivity in Ruddlesden-Popper nickelates has sparked substantial effort towards understanding unconventional electronic states beyond a traditional cuprate-like d^9 configurational ground state. An understanding of the interplay between magnetic ground states and multi-orbital physics is key for establishing a microscopic mechanism for superconductivity. In the bilayer nickelates, spin density wave (SDW) order is a prominent feature in the non-superconducting regime. However, its relation to superconducting pairing remains an open question. Here, we use resonant x-ray scattering to examine the existence of SDW order in superconducting bilayer nickelate thin films La$_2$PrNi$_2$O$_7$ (LPNO). Comparing superconducting and oxygen-deficient LPNO thin films, we find that superconductivity occurs in SDW-free, oxygen-stoichiometric regions, whereas oxygen-deficiency promotes SDW order, indicating phase segregation of SDW and superconductivity. Furthermore, Ni-$L_3$ and O-$K$ edge spectroscopy reveals distinct electronic structures - particularly along the $c$-axis - between the two domains. Our results identify oxygen stoichiometry as a key parameter controlling interlayer coupling and thus the electronic structure of bilayer nickelates. In concert with theory, we propose that a ligand hole primarily resides at the inter-bilayer apical oxygen, forming a robust interlayer five-spin polaron state, which serves as the ground state for superconducting bilayer nickelates. |
| title | Interlayer Five-Spin Polaron in Superconducting Bilayer Nickelates |
| topic | Strongly Correlated Electrons Superconductivity |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.02891 |