_version_ 1866918485742845952
author Kim, Dongyoung
Jang, Huiwon
Koo, Myungkyu
Jang, Suhyeok
Kim, Taeyoung
Kim, Beomjun
Yoon, Byungjun
Jang, Changsung
Choi, Daewon
Han, Dongsu
Lee, Donguk
Kwon, Heeseung
Jeon, Hojin
Kang, Jaehyun
Bae, Jaekyoung
Lee, Jihyuk
Lee, Jimin
Won, John
Ahn, Joonwoo
Park, Junhyeong
Sung, Junyoung
Lee, Kyungmin
Han, Minseong
Yoon, Minsung
Joo, Sejune
Son, Seonil
Park, Seungcheol
Cho, Seunggeun
Moon, Seungjun
Kim, Seungku
Dong, Yonghoon
Cho, Yongjin
Kim, Youngchan
Kim, Chang Hwan
Kim, Dohyeon
Kim, Heecheol
Lee, Heewon
Ahn, Hensen
Ryu, Hyungkyu
Choi, Hyunsoo
Shin, Hyunsoo
Jung, Jaeheon
Kim, Jaewoo
Kim, Jinwook
Chang, Joochul
Kim, Joonsoo
Park, Junghun
Park, Jungwoo
Cho, Junho
Park, Junhyeok
Lee, Junwon
Lee, Kangwook
Kim, Kwanghoon
Choe, Kyoungwhan
Bhadu, Manoj
Oh, Nayoung
Kim, Sangjun
Kim, Sangwoo
Shim, Seunghoon
Kim, Seunghyun
Lee, Seungjun
Ka, Seungyup
Yang, Sungryol
Jung, Wook
Shukla, Yashu
Lee, Yeonjae
Bae, Yeonwoo
Shin, Jinwoo
author_facet Kim, Dongyoung
Jang, Huiwon
Koo, Myungkyu
Jang, Suhyeok
Kim, Taeyoung
Kim, Beomjun
Yoon, Byungjun
Jang, Changsung
Choi, Daewon
Han, Dongsu
Lee, Donguk
Kwon, Heeseung
Jeon, Hojin
Kang, Jaehyun
Bae, Jaekyoung
Lee, Jihyuk
Lee, Jimin
Won, John
Ahn, Joonwoo
Park, Junhyeong
Sung, Junyoung
Lee, Kyungmin
Han, Minseong
Yoon, Minsung
Joo, Sejune
Son, Seonil
Park, Seungcheol
Cho, Seunggeun
Moon, Seungjun
Kim, Seungku
Dong, Yonghoon
Cho, Yongjin
Kim, Youngchan
Kim, Chang Hwan
Kim, Dohyeon
Kim, Heecheol
Lee, Heewon
Ahn, Hensen
Ryu, Hyungkyu
Choi, Hyunsoo
Shin, Hyunsoo
Jung, Jaeheon
Kim, Jaewoo
Kim, Jinwook
Chang, Joochul
Kim, Joonsoo
Park, Junghun
Park, Jungwoo
Cho, Junho
Park, Junhyeok
Lee, Junwon
Lee, Kangwook
Kim, Kwanghoon
Choe, Kyoungwhan
Bhadu, Manoj
Oh, Nayoung
Kim, Sangjun
Kim, Sangwoo
Shim, Seunghoon
Kim, Seunghyun
Lee, Seungjun
Ka, Seungyup
Yang, Sungryol
Jung, Wook
Shukla, Yashu
Lee, Yeonjae
Bae, Yeonwoo
Shin, Jinwoo
contents While Vision-Language-Action models (VLAs) have shown remarkable progress toward human-like generalist robotic policies through the versatile intelligence (i.e. broad scene understanding and language-conditioned generalization) inherited from pre-trained Vision-Language Models, they still struggle with complex real-world tasks requiring broader functional capabilities (e.g. motion awareness, long-term memory, and physical sensing). To address this, we introduce RLDX-1, a general-purpose robotic policy for dexterous manipulation built on the Multi-Stream Action Transformer (MSAT), an architecture that unifies these capabilities by integrating heterogeneous modalities through modality-specific streams with cross-modal joint self-attention. RLDX-1 further combines this architecture with system-level design choices, including data synthesis for rare manipulation scenarios, learning procedures specialized for human-like manipulation, and inference optimizations for real-time deployment. Through empirical evaluation, we show that RLDX-1 consistently outperforms recent frontier VLAs (e.g. $π_{0.5}$ and GR00T N1.6) across both simulation benchmarks and real-world tasks that require broad functional capabilities beyond general versatility. In particular, RLDX-1 shows superiority in ALLEX humanoid tasks by achieving success rates of 86.8% while $π_{0.5}$ and GR00T N1.6 achieve around 40%, highlighting the ability of RLDX-1 to control a high-DoF humanoid robot under diverse functional demands. Together, these results position RLDX-1 as a promising step toward reliable VLAs for complex, contact-rich, and dynamic real-world dexterous manipulation.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_03269
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle RLDX-1 Technical Report
Kim, Dongyoung
Jang, Huiwon
Koo, Myungkyu
Jang, Suhyeok
Kim, Taeyoung
Kim, Beomjun
Yoon, Byungjun
Jang, Changsung
Choi, Daewon
Han, Dongsu
Lee, Donguk
Kwon, Heeseung
Jeon, Hojin
Kang, Jaehyun
Bae, Jaekyoung
Lee, Jihyuk
Lee, Jimin
Won, John
Ahn, Joonwoo
Park, Junhyeong
Sung, Junyoung
Lee, Kyungmin
Han, Minseong
Yoon, Minsung
Joo, Sejune
Son, Seonil
Park, Seungcheol
Cho, Seunggeun
Moon, Seungjun
Kim, Seungku
Dong, Yonghoon
Cho, Yongjin
Kim, Youngchan
Kim, Chang Hwan
Kim, Dohyeon
Kim, Heecheol
Lee, Heewon
Ahn, Hensen
Ryu, Hyungkyu
Choi, Hyunsoo
Shin, Hyunsoo
Jung, Jaeheon
Kim, Jaewoo
Kim, Jinwook
Chang, Joochul
Kim, Joonsoo
Park, Junghun
Park, Jungwoo
Cho, Junho
Park, Junhyeok
Lee, Junwon
Lee, Kangwook
Kim, Kwanghoon
Choe, Kyoungwhan
Bhadu, Manoj
Oh, Nayoung
Kim, Sangjun
Kim, Sangwoo
Shim, Seunghoon
Kim, Seunghyun
Lee, Seungjun
Ka, Seungyup
Yang, Sungryol
Jung, Wook
Shukla, Yashu
Lee, Yeonjae
Bae, Yeonwoo
Shin, Jinwoo
Robotics
Artificial Intelligence
Machine Learning
While Vision-Language-Action models (VLAs) have shown remarkable progress toward human-like generalist robotic policies through the versatile intelligence (i.e. broad scene understanding and language-conditioned generalization) inherited from pre-trained Vision-Language Models, they still struggle with complex real-world tasks requiring broader functional capabilities (e.g. motion awareness, long-term memory, and physical sensing). To address this, we introduce RLDX-1, a general-purpose robotic policy for dexterous manipulation built on the Multi-Stream Action Transformer (MSAT), an architecture that unifies these capabilities by integrating heterogeneous modalities through modality-specific streams with cross-modal joint self-attention. RLDX-1 further combines this architecture with system-level design choices, including data synthesis for rare manipulation scenarios, learning procedures specialized for human-like manipulation, and inference optimizations for real-time deployment. Through empirical evaluation, we show that RLDX-1 consistently outperforms recent frontier VLAs (e.g. $π_{0.5}$ and GR00T N1.6) across both simulation benchmarks and real-world tasks that require broad functional capabilities beyond general versatility. In particular, RLDX-1 shows superiority in ALLEX humanoid tasks by achieving success rates of 86.8% while $π_{0.5}$ and GR00T N1.6 achieve around 40%, highlighting the ability of RLDX-1 to control a high-DoF humanoid robot under diverse functional demands. Together, these results position RLDX-1 as a promising step toward reliable VLAs for complex, contact-rich, and dynamic real-world dexterous manipulation.
title RLDX-1 Technical Report
topic Robotics
Artificial Intelligence
Machine Learning
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.03269