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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.04113 |
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| _version_ | 1866910192643342336 |
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| author | Pradhan, Anirudh Salve, S. A. Raut, V. B. Shekh, S. H. |
| author_facet | Pradhan, Anirudh Salve, S. A. Raut, V. B. Shekh, S. H. |
| contents | The late-time acceleration of the universe remains one of the most significant open problems in modern cosmology. Modified gravity frameworks such as $f(T)$ gravity provide a geometric alternative to dark energy by attributing cosmic acceleration to torsional effects. In this study, we present a comparative analysis of three different forms of $f(T)$ models: (i) a simple power-law form $f(T) = η(-T)^{n}$, (ii) the exponential form $f(T) = βT_{0}\left(1-e^{-p \sqrt{T/T_{0}}}\right)$ and (iii) a logarithmic form $f(T) = γT \ln\!\left(\frac{T}{T_{0}}\right)$. Using parameterization of the deceleration parameter $q(z)$ and the corresponding $H(z)$ expression, we constrain the model parameters with the recent Hubble parameter and BAO data through a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approach. The physical behavior of the effective energy density, equation of state parameter, squared sound speed, cosmological $Om(z)$ diagnostics, and energy conditions (NEC, DEC, SEC) were investigated for all three models. Our comparative analysis shows that all models asymptotically approach the $Λ$CDM behavior at late times, while they differ in stability properties and energy condition behaviors. In particular, the violation of the strong energy condition (SEC) has emerged as a common feature consistent with current accelerated expansion. This study highlights how different $f(T)$ functional forms can yield distinct cosmological dynamics while maintaining consistency with observational data. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_04113 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Comparative Study of $f(T)$ Gravity Models with Observational Constraints from \textit{OHD} and \textit{Pantheon+ datasets} Pradhan, Anirudh Salve, S. A. Raut, V. B. Shekh, S. H. General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology The late-time acceleration of the universe remains one of the most significant open problems in modern cosmology. Modified gravity frameworks such as $f(T)$ gravity provide a geometric alternative to dark energy by attributing cosmic acceleration to torsional effects. In this study, we present a comparative analysis of three different forms of $f(T)$ models: (i) a simple power-law form $f(T) = η(-T)^{n}$, (ii) the exponential form $f(T) = βT_{0}\left(1-e^{-p \sqrt{T/T_{0}}}\right)$ and (iii) a logarithmic form $f(T) = γT \ln\!\left(\frac{T}{T_{0}}\right)$. Using parameterization of the deceleration parameter $q(z)$ and the corresponding $H(z)$ expression, we constrain the model parameters with the recent Hubble parameter and BAO data through a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approach. The physical behavior of the effective energy density, equation of state parameter, squared sound speed, cosmological $Om(z)$ diagnostics, and energy conditions (NEC, DEC, SEC) were investigated for all three models. Our comparative analysis shows that all models asymptotically approach the $Λ$CDM behavior at late times, while they differ in stability properties and energy condition behaviors. In particular, the violation of the strong energy condition (SEC) has emerged as a common feature consistent with current accelerated expansion. This study highlights how different $f(T)$ functional forms can yield distinct cosmological dynamics while maintaining consistency with observational data. |
| title | Comparative Study of $f(T)$ Gravity Models with Observational Constraints from \textit{OHD} and \textit{Pantheon+ datasets} |
| topic | General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.04113 |