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Sensitivity of the As-Built Askaryan Radio Array to Ultra-High Energy Neutrinos

Fuente: arXiv

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Auteurs principaux:	ARA Collaboration, Alden, N., Ali, S., Allison, P., Beatty, J. J., Besson, D. Z., Bishop, A., Chen, P., Chen, Y. C., Chen, Y. -C., Chiche, S., Clark, B. A., Connolly, A., Couberly, K., Cremonesi, L., Cummings, A., Dasgupta, P., Debolt, R., de Kockere, S., de Vries, K. D., Deaconu, C., DuVernois, M. A., Flaherty, J., Friedman, E., Gaior, R., Giri, P., Hanson, J., Harty, N., Hoffman, K. D., Huang, M. -H., Hughes, K., Ishihara, A., Karle, A., Kelley, J. L., Kim, K. -C., Kim, M. -C., Kravchenko, I., Krebs, R., Kuo, C. Y., Latif, U. A., Liu, C. H., Liu, T. C., Luszczak, W., Machtay, A., Muzio, M. S., Nam, J., Nichol, R. J., Novikov, A., Nozdrina, A., Oberla, E., Pai, C. W., Pan, Y., Pfendner, C., Punsuebsay, N., Roth, J., Salcedo-Gomez, A., Seckel, D., Seikh, M. F. H., Shiao, Y. -S., Stethem, J., Su, S. C., Toscano, S., Torres, J., Touart, J., van Eijndhoven, N., Vieregg, A., Fostier, M. Vilarino, Wang, M. -Z., Wang, S. -H., Windischhofer, P., Wissel, S. A., Xie, C., Yoshida, S., Young, R.
Format:	Preprint
Publié:	2026
Sujets:	High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Accès en ligne:	Acceder al recurso
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_version_	1866911651851141120
author	ARA Collaboration Alden, N. Ali, S. Allison, P. Beatty, J. J. Besson, D. Z. Bishop, A. Chen, P. Chen, Y. C. Chen, Y. -C. Chiche, S. Clark, B. A. Connolly, A. Couberly, K. Cremonesi, L. Cummings, A. Dasgupta, P. Debolt, R. de Kockere, S. de Vries, K. D. Deaconu, C. DuVernois, M. A. Flaherty, J. Friedman, E. Gaior, R. Giri, P. Hanson, J. Harty, N. Hoffman, K. D. Huang, M. -H. Hughes, K. Ishihara, A. Karle, A. Kelley, J. L. Kim, K. -C. Kim, M. -C. Kravchenko, I. Krebs, R. Kuo, C. Y. Latif, U. A. Liu, C. H. Liu, T. C. Luszczak, W. Machtay, A. Muzio, M. S. Nam, J. Nichol, R. J. Novikov, A. Nozdrina, A. Oberla, E. Pai, C. W. Pan, Y. Pfendner, C. Punsuebsay, N. Roth, J. Salcedo-Gomez, A. Seckel, D. Seikh, M. F. H. Shiao, Y. -S. Stethem, J. Su, S. C. Toscano, S. Torres, J. Touart, J. van Eijndhoven, N. Vieregg, A. Fostier, M. Vilarino Wang, M. -Z. Wang, S. -H. Windischhofer, P. Wissel, S. A. Xie, C. Yoshida, S. Young, R.
author_facet	ARA Collaboration Alden, N. Ali, S. Allison, P. Beatty, J. J. Besson, D. Z. Bishop, A. Chen, P. Chen, Y. C. Chen, Y. -C. Chiche, S. Clark, B. A. Connolly, A. Couberly, K. Cremonesi, L. Cummings, A. Dasgupta, P. Debolt, R. de Kockere, S. de Vries, K. D. Deaconu, C. DuVernois, M. A. Flaherty, J. Friedman, E. Gaior, R. Giri, P. Hanson, J. Harty, N. Hoffman, K. D. Huang, M. -H. Hughes, K. Ishihara, A. Karle, A. Kelley, J. L. Kim, K. -C. Kim, M. -C. Kravchenko, I. Krebs, R. Kuo, C. Y. Latif, U. A. Liu, C. H. Liu, T. C. Luszczak, W. Machtay, A. Muzio, M. S. Nam, J. Nichol, R. J. Novikov, A. Nozdrina, A. Oberla, E. Pai, C. W. Pan, Y. Pfendner, C. Punsuebsay, N. Roth, J. Salcedo-Gomez, A. Seckel, D. Seikh, M. F. H. Shiao, Y. -S. Stethem, J. Su, S. C. Toscano, S. Torres, J. Touart, J. van Eijndhoven, N. Vieregg, A. Fostier, M. Vilarino Wang, M. -Z. Wang, S. -H. Windischhofer, P. Wissel, S. A. Xie, C. Yoshida, S. Young, R.
contents	The Askaryan Radio Array (ARA) is an ultra-high energy (UHE) neutrino observatory designed to detect the impulsive radio waves produced by relativistic particle cascades in the Antarctic glacial ice. Using a significantly enhanced simulation pipeline, which adds data-driven detector simulations and fully incorporates secondary particle production, we calculate the trigger-level acceptance of the entire array. We compare the resulting trigger-level sensitivity to constraints on the UHE neutrino flux from other detectors. Given its exposure from 2013 to 2023, we find that ARA achieves a world-leading sensitivity above about $10^{19}$ eV, depending on the details of the event selection used in a search. Moreover, we find that up to 13 neutrinos are predicted to have been observed in this period at trigger-level, assuming the most optimistic neutrino flux models. We show that observations of secondary particles account for up to 30\% of the total acceptance starting at $10^{19}$ eV, and we explore the potential signatures and implications of both multi-pulse (from direct and refracted pulses and/or from secondary particle interactions) and multi-station events. Finally, we comment on the implications of this study for the design of next-generation UHE neutrino experiments, in particular IceCube-Gen2 Radio.
format	Preprint
id	arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_04268
institution	arXiv
publishDate	2026
record_format	arxiv
spellingShingle	Sensitivity of the As-Built Askaryan Radio Array to Ultra-High Energy Neutrinos ARA Collaboration Alden, N. Ali, S. Allison, P. Beatty, J. J. Besson, D. Z. Bishop, A. Chen, P. Chen, Y. C. Chen, Y. -C. Chiche, S. Clark, B. A. Connolly, A. Couberly, K. Cremonesi, L. Cummings, A. Dasgupta, P. Debolt, R. de Kockere, S. de Vries, K. D. Deaconu, C. DuVernois, M. A. Flaherty, J. Friedman, E. Gaior, R. Giri, P. Hanson, J. Harty, N. Hoffman, K. D. Huang, M. -H. Hughes, K. Ishihara, A. Karle, A. Kelley, J. L. Kim, K. -C. Kim, M. -C. Kravchenko, I. Krebs, R. Kuo, C. Y. Latif, U. A. Liu, C. H. Liu, T. C. Luszczak, W. Machtay, A. Muzio, M. S. Nam, J. Nichol, R. J. Novikov, A. Nozdrina, A. Oberla, E. Pai, C. W. Pan, Y. Pfendner, C. Punsuebsay, N. Roth, J. Salcedo-Gomez, A. Seckel, D. Seikh, M. F. H. Shiao, Y. -S. Stethem, J. Su, S. C. Toscano, S. Torres, J. Touart, J. van Eijndhoven, N. Vieregg, A. Fostier, M. Vilarino Wang, M. -Z. Wang, S. -H. Windischhofer, P. Wissel, S. A. Xie, C. Yoshida, S. Young, R. High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics The Askaryan Radio Array (ARA) is an ultra-high energy (UHE) neutrino observatory designed to detect the impulsive radio waves produced by relativistic particle cascades in the Antarctic glacial ice. Using a significantly enhanced simulation pipeline, which adds data-driven detector simulations and fully incorporates secondary particle production, we calculate the trigger-level acceptance of the entire array. We compare the resulting trigger-level sensitivity to constraints on the UHE neutrino flux from other detectors. Given its exposure from 2013 to 2023, we find that ARA achieves a world-leading sensitivity above about $10^{19}$ eV, depending on the details of the event selection used in a search. Moreover, we find that up to 13 neutrinos are predicted to have been observed in this period at trigger-level, assuming the most optimistic neutrino flux models. We show that observations of secondary particles account for up to 30\% of the total acceptance starting at $10^{19}$ eV, and we explore the potential signatures and implications of both multi-pulse (from direct and refracted pulses and/or from secondary particle interactions) and multi-station events. Finally, we comment on the implications of this study for the design of next-generation UHE neutrino experiments, in particular IceCube-Gen2 Radio.
title	Sensitivity of the As-Built Askaryan Radio Array to Ultra-High Energy Neutrinos
topic	High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
url	https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.04268