Compact, AGN-hosting Dwarf Galaxies with "Little Red Dots"-like SEDs in the Local Universe
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arXiv
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| Autores principales: | , , , |
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| Formato: | Preprint |
| Publicado: |
2026
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| _version_ | 1866914534274367488 |
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| author | Bao, Lulu Tsai, Chao-Wei Wu, Jingwen Wang, Jialai |
| author_facet | Bao, Lulu Tsai, Chao-Wei Wu, Jingwen Wang, Jialai |
| contents | Local active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in dwarf galaxies are often considered as analogs for the earliest supermassive black holes, although their connections require more comprehensive examinations. Motivated by finding the local analogs of "Little Red Dots" (LRDs), the compact, red galaxies discovered by JWST at z > 5 characterized by "V-shaped" SEDs, we compile a sample of local AGN-hosting dwarf galaxies (ADGs) with comparable luminosities to statistically evaluate this connection. By applying K-means clustering to SED shapes and morphological sizes, we classified four groups which trace a sequence in physical properties, including metallicity, star formation rate, and dust emission, mainly driven by their distinct UV-optical slopes. Within these groups, we find that about half of the ADGs exhibit "V-shaped" SEDs and relatively compact morphologies. However, a direct comparison reveals fundamental physical differences: local "V-shaped", compact ADGs appear significantly more evolved than high-z LRDs, characterized by systematically larger effective radii and distinct ionization states. Our results suggest that local compact ADGs likely follow a different formation pathway from LRDs, highlighting the complexity of black hole-galaxy co-evolution across cosmic time. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_04685 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Compact, AGN-hosting Dwarf Galaxies with "Little Red Dots"-like SEDs in the Local Universe Bao, Lulu Tsai, Chao-Wei Wu, Jingwen Wang, Jialai Astrophysics of Galaxies Local active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in dwarf galaxies are often considered as analogs for the earliest supermassive black holes, although their connections require more comprehensive examinations. Motivated by finding the local analogs of "Little Red Dots" (LRDs), the compact, red galaxies discovered by JWST at z > 5 characterized by "V-shaped" SEDs, we compile a sample of local AGN-hosting dwarf galaxies (ADGs) with comparable luminosities to statistically evaluate this connection. By applying K-means clustering to SED shapes and morphological sizes, we classified four groups which trace a sequence in physical properties, including metallicity, star formation rate, and dust emission, mainly driven by their distinct UV-optical slopes. Within these groups, we find that about half of the ADGs exhibit "V-shaped" SEDs and relatively compact morphologies. However, a direct comparison reveals fundamental physical differences: local "V-shaped", compact ADGs appear significantly more evolved than high-z LRDs, characterized by systematically larger effective radii and distinct ionization states. Our results suggest that local compact ADGs likely follow a different formation pathway from LRDs, highlighting the complexity of black hole-galaxy co-evolution across cosmic time. |
| title | Compact, AGN-hosting Dwarf Galaxies with "Little Red Dots"-like SEDs in the Local Universe |
| topic | Astrophysics of Galaxies |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.04685 |