Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Shi, Hengyu, Han, Tianyang, Wang, Peizhe, Wang, Zhiling, Yang, Xu, Su, Junhao
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
Subjects:
Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.04913
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866918489547079680
author Shi, Hengyu
Han, Tianyang
Wang, Peizhe
Wang, Zhiling
Yang, Xu
Su, Junhao
author_facet Shi, Hengyu
Han, Tianyang
Wang, Peizhe
Wang, Zhiling
Yang, Xu
Su, Junhao
contents LLM post-training typically propagates task gradients through the full depth of the model. Although this end-to-end structure is simple and general, it couples task adaptation to full-depth activation storage, long-range backward dependencies and direct task-gradient access to pretrained representations. We argue that this full-depth backward coupling can be unnecessarily expensive and intrusive, particularly when post-training supervision is much narrower than pre-training. To this end, we propose \textbf{LoPT}: Local-Learning Post-Training, a simple post-training strategy that makes gradient reach an explicit design choice. LoPT places a single gradient boundary at the transformer midpoint: the second-half block learns from the task objective, while the first-half block is updated by a lightweight feature-reconstruction objective to preserve useful representations and maintain interface compatibility. LoPT shortens the task-induced backward path while limiting direct interference from narrow task gradients on early-layer representations. Extensive experiments demonstrate that LoPT achieves competitive performance with lower memory cost, higher training efficiency and better retention of pretrained capabilities. Our code is available at: https://github.com/HumyuShi/LoPT
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_04913
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Rethinking Local Learning: A Cheaper and Faster Recipe for LLM Post-Training
Shi, Hengyu
Han, Tianyang
Wang, Peizhe
Wang, Zhiling
Yang, Xu
Su, Junhao
Computation and Language
Machine Learning
LLM post-training typically propagates task gradients through the full depth of the model. Although this end-to-end structure is simple and general, it couples task adaptation to full-depth activation storage, long-range backward dependencies and direct task-gradient access to pretrained representations. We argue that this full-depth backward coupling can be unnecessarily expensive and intrusive, particularly when post-training supervision is much narrower than pre-training. To this end, we propose \textbf{LoPT}: Local-Learning Post-Training, a simple post-training strategy that makes gradient reach an explicit design choice. LoPT places a single gradient boundary at the transformer midpoint: the second-half block learns from the task objective, while the first-half block is updated by a lightweight feature-reconstruction objective to preserve useful representations and maintain interface compatibility. LoPT shortens the task-induced backward path while limiting direct interference from narrow task gradients on early-layer representations. Extensive experiments demonstrate that LoPT achieves competitive performance with lower memory cost, higher training efficiency and better retention of pretrained capabilities. Our code is available at: https://github.com/HumyuShi/LoPT
title Rethinking Local Learning: A Cheaper and Faster Recipe for LLM Post-Training
topic Computation and Language
Machine Learning
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.04913