Classical shadows over symmetric spaces

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Chang, Rebecca, Krumtünger, Maureen, Larocca, Martin, West, Maxwell
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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author Chang, Rebecca
Krumtünger, Maureen
Larocca, Martin
West, Maxwell
author_facet Chang, Rebecca
Krumtünger, Maureen
Larocca, Martin
West, Maxwell
contents Efficiently learning expectation values of unknown quantum states via classical shadows has become an important primitive in both theoretical and experimental aspects of quantum computation. Typically, classical shadow protocols involve randomised measurements induced by sampling uniformly randomly from a compact group, a situation which is now quite well understood. In this work we go beyond this standard assumption, studying the classical shadow protocols occasioned by sampling uniformly randomly from the so-called compact symmetric spaces. We uncover a unifying theory of such protocols, extending the extent to which the general theory of classical shadows is understood at a mathematical level. Interestingly, for the estimation of observables sampled from certain distributions we further find that some of these protocols allow for slight improvements in sample-complexity over existing shadow schemes.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_05518
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Classical shadows over symmetric spaces
Chang, Rebecca
Krumtünger, Maureen
Larocca, Martin
West, Maxwell
Quantum Physics
Efficiently learning expectation values of unknown quantum states via classical shadows has become an important primitive in both theoretical and experimental aspects of quantum computation. Typically, classical shadow protocols involve randomised measurements induced by sampling uniformly randomly from a compact group, a situation which is now quite well understood. In this work we go beyond this standard assumption, studying the classical shadow protocols occasioned by sampling uniformly randomly from the so-called compact symmetric spaces. We uncover a unifying theory of such protocols, extending the extent to which the general theory of classical shadows is understood at a mathematical level. Interestingly, for the estimation of observables sampled from certain distributions we further find that some of these protocols allow for slight improvements in sample-complexity over existing shadow schemes.
title Classical shadows over symmetric spaces
topic Quantum Physics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.05518