Hugoniot Relation for Multi-Temperature Euler Equations of Compressible Plasma Flows

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Main Authors: Du, Zhifang, Sikstel, Aleksey
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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author Du, Zhifang
Sikstel, Aleksey
author_facet Du, Zhifang
Sikstel, Aleksey
contents Shock solutions for multi-temperature Euler equations are inherently ambiguous due to the loss of microscopic physical detail during model reduction and occurrence of non-conservative terms. This paper presents a detailed analytical study of shock structures in such models. We derive two distinct Hugoniot relations, each corresponding to a physically admissible shock solution: one for the general multi-temperature case and one for two-temperature plasma flows. Through classical analysis à la Courant--Friedrichs, we demonstrate that both satisfy admissibility conditions, revealing a fundamental non-uniqueness in shock structures. By relating these solutions to existing numerical schemes, the structure preserving and vanishing viscosity approaches, we provide physically justified references for constructing and evaluating discontinuous numerical approximations. In particular, we emphasize that the Hugoniot relation is not uniquely determined by the macroscopic PDEs alone, but must be supplied from external sources such as experiments or first-principles simulations. This insight demonstrates the essential role of microscopic physics in resolving shock ambiguity and contributes to the theoretical foundation for modeling discontinuous plasma flows.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_06131
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Hugoniot Relation for Multi-Temperature Euler Equations of Compressible Plasma Flows
Du, Zhifang
Sikstel, Aleksey
Plasma Physics
Mathematical Physics
35L65, 35L67, 35B40, 35Q35, 76X05, 76L05, 65M08
Shock solutions for multi-temperature Euler equations are inherently ambiguous due to the loss of microscopic physical detail during model reduction and occurrence of non-conservative terms. This paper presents a detailed analytical study of shock structures in such models. We derive two distinct Hugoniot relations, each corresponding to a physically admissible shock solution: one for the general multi-temperature case and one for two-temperature plasma flows. Through classical analysis à la Courant--Friedrichs, we demonstrate that both satisfy admissibility conditions, revealing a fundamental non-uniqueness in shock structures. By relating these solutions to existing numerical schemes, the structure preserving and vanishing viscosity approaches, we provide physically justified references for constructing and evaluating discontinuous numerical approximations. In particular, we emphasize that the Hugoniot relation is not uniquely determined by the macroscopic PDEs alone, but must be supplied from external sources such as experiments or first-principles simulations. This insight demonstrates the essential role of microscopic physics in resolving shock ambiguity and contributes to the theoretical foundation for modeling discontinuous plasma flows.
title Hugoniot Relation for Multi-Temperature Euler Equations of Compressible Plasma Flows
topic Plasma Physics
Mathematical Physics
35L65, 35L67, 35B40, 35Q35, 76X05, 76L05, 65M08
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.06131