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Main Authors: Cai, Siwei, Peterson, Knut, Tran, Quan, Ricks, Christian, Parthasarathy, Dhanush, Kaidarov, Amir, Deshpande, Neil, Najm, Sukaina, Han, David, Zhou, Lifeng
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.06478
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author Cai, Siwei
Peterson, Knut
Tran, Quan
Ricks, Christian
Parthasarathy, Dhanush
Kaidarov, Amir
Deshpande, Neil
Najm, Sukaina
Han, David
Zhou, Lifeng
author_facet Cai, Siwei
Peterson, Knut
Tran, Quan
Ricks, Christian
Parthasarathy, Dhanush
Kaidarov, Amir
Deshpande, Neil
Najm, Sukaina
Han, David
Zhou, Lifeng
contents Heterogeneous air-ground robot teams combine complementary sensing modalities, mobility characteristics, and spatial viewpoints that can significantly enhance perception in complex outdoor environments. However, progress in multi-robot collaborative perception has been constrained by the lack of real-world datasets featuring overlapping multi-modal observations from platforms operating in unstructured terrain. We present GA3T (Ground-Aerial Team for Terrain Traversal), a real-world multi-robot collaborative perception dataset collected using a Clearpath Husky UGV and an Autel EVO~II UAV across diverse unstructured environments, including forest trails, rocky paths, muddy terrain, snow piles, and grass-covered fields. The ground platform provides 3D LiDAR, stereo camera, IMU, and GPS data, while the aerial platform contributes RGB imagery, thermal/infrared observations, and GPS from a complementary overhead viewpoint, allowing for rich cross-modal and cross-view perception. The dataset is collected in 4 unique environments, with over 13,000 synchronized frames across approximately 29 minutes of operation, and includes both SAM~3-based zero-shot segmentation and over 8,000 manually labeled images. A unique aspect of the dataset is its early-spring collection period, during which sparse tree canopies allow the aerial robot to partially observe the ground robot and terrain through the trees, allowing for occlusion-aware collaborative perception. Unlike prior multi-robot datasets that focus on SLAM or simulated cooperative driving, GA3T is specifically designed to support research on cross-view perception, air-ground viewpoint fusion, traversability estimation, and collaborative scene understanding in real off-road environments.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_06478
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle GA3T: A Ground-Aerial Terrain Traversability Dataset for Heterogeneous Robot Teams in Unstructured Environments
Cai, Siwei
Peterson, Knut
Tran, Quan
Ricks, Christian
Parthasarathy, Dhanush
Kaidarov, Amir
Deshpande, Neil
Najm, Sukaina
Han, David
Zhou, Lifeng
Robotics
Heterogeneous air-ground robot teams combine complementary sensing modalities, mobility characteristics, and spatial viewpoints that can significantly enhance perception in complex outdoor environments. However, progress in multi-robot collaborative perception has been constrained by the lack of real-world datasets featuring overlapping multi-modal observations from platforms operating in unstructured terrain. We present GA3T (Ground-Aerial Team for Terrain Traversal), a real-world multi-robot collaborative perception dataset collected using a Clearpath Husky UGV and an Autel EVO~II UAV across diverse unstructured environments, including forest trails, rocky paths, muddy terrain, snow piles, and grass-covered fields. The ground platform provides 3D LiDAR, stereo camera, IMU, and GPS data, while the aerial platform contributes RGB imagery, thermal/infrared observations, and GPS from a complementary overhead viewpoint, allowing for rich cross-modal and cross-view perception. The dataset is collected in 4 unique environments, with over 13,000 synchronized frames across approximately 29 minutes of operation, and includes both SAM~3-based zero-shot segmentation and over 8,000 manually labeled images. A unique aspect of the dataset is its early-spring collection period, during which sparse tree canopies allow the aerial robot to partially observe the ground robot and terrain through the trees, allowing for occlusion-aware collaborative perception. Unlike prior multi-robot datasets that focus on SLAM or simulated cooperative driving, GA3T is specifically designed to support research on cross-view perception, air-ground viewpoint fusion, traversability estimation, and collaborative scene understanding in real off-road environments.
title GA3T: A Ground-Aerial Terrain Traversability Dataset for Heterogeneous Robot Teams in Unstructured Environments
topic Robotics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.06478