Mutual Linearity in Nonequilibrium Langevin Dynamics
Fuente:
arXiv
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| Autores principales: | , |
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| Formato: | Preprint |
| Publicado: |
2026
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| Acceso en línea: | |
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| _version_ | 1866909027020046336 |
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| author | Zheng, Jiming Lu, Zhiyue |
| author_facet | Zheng, Jiming Lu, Zhiyue |
| contents | Understanding how nonequilibrium systems respond to perturbations is a central challenge in physics. In this work, we establish mutual linearity in nonequilibrium overdamped Langevin systems. This theory provides a framework for controlling and designing nonequilibrium responses in continuous systems. When a dynamical parameter is locally perturbed at a single position, the stationary densities at any two positions are linearly related. It further leads to mutual linearity among different stationary state-current observables. We also extend the mutual linearity to non-stationary relaxation processes in the Laplace domain. Our theory reveals that mutual linearity in both discrete and continuous systems originates from the same one-dimensional response structure. We further show that mutual linearity is robust under finite-width perturbations. As an application, we demonstrate the mutual linearity and its finite-width robustness in the F$_1$-ATPase rotary motor model. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_07949 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Mutual Linearity in Nonequilibrium Langevin Dynamics Zheng, Jiming Lu, Zhiyue Statistical Mechanics Understanding how nonequilibrium systems respond to perturbations is a central challenge in physics. In this work, we establish mutual linearity in nonequilibrium overdamped Langevin systems. This theory provides a framework for controlling and designing nonequilibrium responses in continuous systems. When a dynamical parameter is locally perturbed at a single position, the stationary densities at any two positions are linearly related. It further leads to mutual linearity among different stationary state-current observables. We also extend the mutual linearity to non-stationary relaxation processes in the Laplace domain. Our theory reveals that mutual linearity in both discrete and continuous systems originates from the same one-dimensional response structure. We further show that mutual linearity is robust under finite-width perturbations. As an application, we demonstrate the mutual linearity and its finite-width robustness in the F$_1$-ATPase rotary motor model. |
| title | Mutual Linearity in Nonequilibrium Langevin Dynamics |
| topic | Statistical Mechanics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.07949 |