Symmetric Sudoku-Type Games from Perfect Codes

Fuente: arXiv
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Auteurs principaux: An, Junmin, Baek, Jae-Hyun, Kim, Keon-Hwi, Lim, Haeun, Kim, Jon-Lark
Format: Preprint
Publié: 2026
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author An, Junmin
Baek, Jae-Hyun
Kim, Keon-Hwi
Lim, Haeun
Kim, Jon-Lark
author_facet An, Junmin
Baek, Jae-Hyun
Kim, Keon-Hwi
Lim, Haeun
Kim, Jon-Lark
contents This paper presents a novel construction method for symmetric Sudoku-type games based on Lee distance perfect codes and diameter perfect codes. The proposed method utilizes the tiling property of these codes to define the structure of the subgrid constraints of Sudoku-type games. In this way, our games inherit the symmetric properties of Sudoku. We provide a detailed analysis of two small cases: a $5 \times 5$ Sudoku in $\mathbb{Z}_5^2$, and an $8 \times 8$ Sudoku in $\mathbb{Z}_8^2$. By defining equivalence relations via rigid motions, we provide a complete enumeration of valid grids, identifying 17 inequivalent solutions for $5\times 5$ Sudoku. For two different types of $8\times 8$ Sudoku, we characterize 232,735 and 304,014 inequivalent solutions, respectively. Furthermore, to verify practical playability, we implement a human-like solver that assesses the difficulty of the generated games. The analysis confirms that our $5\times5$ Sudoku games offer a balanced distribution of difficulty levels, ranging from Easy to Hard, making them a viable alternative to traditional $9 \times 9$ Sudoku.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_09617
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Symmetric Sudoku-Type Games from Perfect Codes
An, Junmin
Baek, Jae-Hyun
Kim, Keon-Hwi
Lim, Haeun
Kim, Jon-Lark
Combinatorics
Information Theory
94B05, 05A15
This paper presents a novel construction method for symmetric Sudoku-type games based on Lee distance perfect codes and diameter perfect codes. The proposed method utilizes the tiling property of these codes to define the structure of the subgrid constraints of Sudoku-type games. In this way, our games inherit the symmetric properties of Sudoku. We provide a detailed analysis of two small cases: a $5 \times 5$ Sudoku in $\mathbb{Z}_5^2$, and an $8 \times 8$ Sudoku in $\mathbb{Z}_8^2$. By defining equivalence relations via rigid motions, we provide a complete enumeration of valid grids, identifying 17 inequivalent solutions for $5\times 5$ Sudoku. For two different types of $8\times 8$ Sudoku, we characterize 232,735 and 304,014 inequivalent solutions, respectively. Furthermore, to verify practical playability, we implement a human-like solver that assesses the difficulty of the generated games. The analysis confirms that our $5\times5$ Sudoku games offer a balanced distribution of difficulty levels, ranging from Easy to Hard, making them a viable alternative to traditional $9 \times 9$ Sudoku.
title Symmetric Sudoku-Type Games from Perfect Codes
topic Combinatorics
Information Theory
94B05, 05A15
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.09617