Parity Nonconservation in Hydrogen Induced by Low-Mass Vector-Boson Exchange
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866914552643321856 |
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| author | Dzuba, V. A. Flambaum, V. V. Vong, G. K. |
| author_facet | Dzuba, V. A. Flambaum, V. V. Vong, G. K. |
| contents | Parity-nonconserving (PNC) effects in atoms produced by $Z$-boson exchange between the electron and the nucleus grow rapidly with the nuclear charge $Z$. If a hypothetical additional $Z'$ boson is light, however, its contribution does not exhibit the same strong enhancement with $Z$. As a result, the ratio of the low-mass $Z'$ contribution to the Standard Model $Z$-boson contribution increases rapidly with decreasing $Z$, in fact faster than $1/Z^2$. Hydrogen has a further important advantage: its theoretical description is substantially cleaner than that of heavy atoms, allowing a more accurate interpretation of experimental results. For these two reasons, hydrogen and deuterium PNC experiments may provide an especially favorable setting in which to disentangle a possible $Z'$ contribution from the Standard Model background. In this paper we calculate the ratio of the $Z'$-boson contribution, for arbitrary $Z'$ mass, to the Standard Model $Z$-boson contribution to parity violation in hydrogen and deuterium, including both nuclear-spin-independent (NSI) and nuclear-spin-dependent (NSD) interactions. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_10321 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Parity Nonconservation in Hydrogen Induced by Low-Mass Vector-Boson Exchange Dzuba, V. A. Flambaum, V. V. Vong, G. K. High Energy Physics - Phenomenology Atomic Physics Parity-nonconserving (PNC) effects in atoms produced by $Z$-boson exchange between the electron and the nucleus grow rapidly with the nuclear charge $Z$. If a hypothetical additional $Z'$ boson is light, however, its contribution does not exhibit the same strong enhancement with $Z$. As a result, the ratio of the low-mass $Z'$ contribution to the Standard Model $Z$-boson contribution increases rapidly with decreasing $Z$, in fact faster than $1/Z^2$. Hydrogen has a further important advantage: its theoretical description is substantially cleaner than that of heavy atoms, allowing a more accurate interpretation of experimental results. For these two reasons, hydrogen and deuterium PNC experiments may provide an especially favorable setting in which to disentangle a possible $Z'$ contribution from the Standard Model background. In this paper we calculate the ratio of the $Z'$-boson contribution, for arbitrary $Z'$ mass, to the Standard Model $Z$-boson contribution to parity violation in hydrogen and deuterium, including both nuclear-spin-independent (NSI) and nuclear-spin-dependent (NSD) interactions. |
| title | Parity Nonconservation in Hydrogen Induced by Low-Mass Vector-Boson Exchange |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Phenomenology Atomic Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.10321 |