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Autores principales: Govind, R., Krishna, S., Sil, Sanchari, Srivathsan, B.
Formato: Preprint
Publicado: 2026
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Acceso en línea:https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.10625
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author Govind, R.
Krishna, S.
Sil, Sanchari
Srivathsan, B.
author_facet Govind, R.
Krishna, S.
Sil, Sanchari
Srivathsan, B.
contents Gibbons and Korach studied a fundamental problem in 1997: given an observed sequence of reads and writes of a multi-threaded program, does there exist an interleaving which is sequentially consistent? Apart from applications in testing shared memory implementations, a procedure for this problem is employed in Dynamic Partial-Order-Reduction (DPOR) algorithms. The problem is known to be NP-hard even when different syntactic parameters are kept bounded. In this paper, we consider a restriction on the kind of interleaving required: does there exist a sequentially-consistent interleaving with at most π preemptions? Empirical evidence suggests that several bugs manifest within a few preemptive switches. This motivates us to investigate the problem under bounded preemptions. Our results exhibit a trichotomy: the problem lends to a polynomial-time algorithm for the class of single-writer programs where for each variable, there is a single thread writing to it; it becomes NP-hard for two-writer programs and finally, for three-writer programs, we get a conditional lower bound under the Exponential-Time-Hypothesis. When the number of preemptions π is not bounded, we show the problem to be W[1]-hard, and hence unlikely to be fixed-parameter-tractable with parameter π.
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spellingShingle Verifying Sequential Consistency under Bounded Preemptions
Govind, R.
Krishna, S.
Sil, Sanchari
Srivathsan, B.
Programming Languages
Gibbons and Korach studied a fundamental problem in 1997: given an observed sequence of reads and writes of a multi-threaded program, does there exist an interleaving which is sequentially consistent? Apart from applications in testing shared memory implementations, a procedure for this problem is employed in Dynamic Partial-Order-Reduction (DPOR) algorithms. The problem is known to be NP-hard even when different syntactic parameters are kept bounded. In this paper, we consider a restriction on the kind of interleaving required: does there exist a sequentially-consistent interleaving with at most π preemptions? Empirical evidence suggests that several bugs manifest within a few preemptive switches. This motivates us to investigate the problem under bounded preemptions. Our results exhibit a trichotomy: the problem lends to a polynomial-time algorithm for the class of single-writer programs where for each variable, there is a single thread writing to it; it becomes NP-hard for two-writer programs and finally, for three-writer programs, we get a conditional lower bound under the Exponential-Time-Hypothesis. When the number of preemptions π is not bounded, we show the problem to be W[1]-hard, and hence unlikely to be fixed-parameter-tractable with parameter π.
title Verifying Sequential Consistency under Bounded Preemptions
topic Programming Languages
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.10625