236 μW Direct-RF PLL-Free Multi-PSK Transmitter Using Oscillator-Based Phase Synthesis
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arXiv
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| Autori principali: | , , , |
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| Natura: | Preprint |
| Pubblicazione: |
2026
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| _version_ | 1866917482150756352 |
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| author | Darban, Meysam Sohani Pour, Fariborz Lohiri Ha, Dong S. Walling, Jeffrey S. |
| author_facet | Darban, Meysam Sohani Pour, Fariborz Lohiri Ha, Dong S. Walling, Jeffrey S. |
| contents | This paper presents a compact, low-power, direct RF multi-phase-shift keying (PSK) transmitter (TX) that eliminates the need for a phase-locked loop (PLL) by performing phase modulation directly within a ring oscillator. The proposed architecture exploits synchronized charge extraction at the oscillator's transition points to induce controlled phase shifts while maintaining constant amplitude and frequency. A time-domain multi-triggering technique is introduced to enable reconfigurable multi-mode modulation, supporting 16-PSK, 8-PSK, QPSK, and BPSK within a unified hardware structure. The TX circuit is fabricated in a 22-nm FD-SOI process and operates in the ISM band at 2.4 GHz. Measurement results indicate a symbol rate of 2 MSps with a maximum error vector magnitude (EVM) of 5.13% rms. The core TX occupies 23 {\times} 17.6 μm2 and consumes 236 μW, excluding the output driver, which delivers -10 dBm output power over a 60 MHz bandwidth. The proposed design achieves a favorable trade-off between power consumption, circuit complexity, and modulation flexibility, making it well-suited for low-power wireless applications. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_11261 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | 236 μW Direct-RF PLL-Free Multi-PSK Transmitter Using Oscillator-Based Phase Synthesis Darban, Meysam Sohani Pour, Fariborz Lohiri Ha, Dong S. Walling, Jeffrey S. Systems and Control This paper presents a compact, low-power, direct RF multi-phase-shift keying (PSK) transmitter (TX) that eliminates the need for a phase-locked loop (PLL) by performing phase modulation directly within a ring oscillator. The proposed architecture exploits synchronized charge extraction at the oscillator's transition points to induce controlled phase shifts while maintaining constant amplitude and frequency. A time-domain multi-triggering technique is introduced to enable reconfigurable multi-mode modulation, supporting 16-PSK, 8-PSK, QPSK, and BPSK within a unified hardware structure. The TX circuit is fabricated in a 22-nm FD-SOI process and operates in the ISM band at 2.4 GHz. Measurement results indicate a symbol rate of 2 MSps with a maximum error vector magnitude (EVM) of 5.13% rms. The core TX occupies 23 {\times} 17.6 μm2 and consumes 236 μW, excluding the output driver, which delivers -10 dBm output power over a 60 MHz bandwidth. The proposed design achieves a favorable trade-off between power consumption, circuit complexity, and modulation flexibility, making it well-suited for low-power wireless applications. |
| title | 236 μW Direct-RF PLL-Free Multi-PSK Transmitter Using Oscillator-Based Phase Synthesis |
| topic | Systems and Control |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.11261 |