Periodic Emission Frequency Modulation in a Hyperactive Fast Radio Burst
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arXiv
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866918497054883840 |
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| author | Li, Rui-Nan Lan, Hao-Tian Zhao, Zhen-Yin Wu, Qin Wang, Fa-Yin Dai, Zi-Gao |
| author_facet | Li, Rui-Nan Lan, Hao-Tian Zhao, Zhen-Yin Wu, Qin Wang, Fa-Yin Dai, Zi-Gao |
| contents | Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are intense, short-duration radio transients of mysterious origin. They have been detected across a wide range of frequencies from 110 MHz to 8 GHz. Their spectral properties, remaining poorly understood, are essential for understanding the intrinsic radiation mechanism and propagation effects. Here, we report the discovery of a periodic modulation in the central emission frequency of FRB 20240114A, based on more than one thousand bursts collected by an ultra-wideband receiving system. The burst central frequencies reveals a significant modulation with a period of $\sim 112$ days. The statistical significance of this detected periodicity exceeds $6σ$ for both the Lomb-Scargle and phase-folding methods. Within a single period, the central emission frequency exhibits a systematic drift from lower to higher values. We evaluate several physical mechanisms for this unique spectral evolution. The free-free absorption together with cyclotron resonant absorption in a binary system or free precession models could potentially explain such behavior. The discovery of this periodic frequency modulation unveils a new layer of complexity in the underlying radiation mechanism and propagation effect of FRBs. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_12098 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Periodic Emission Frequency Modulation in a Hyperactive Fast Radio Burst Li, Rui-Nan Lan, Hao-Tian Zhao, Zhen-Yin Wu, Qin Wang, Fa-Yin Dai, Zi-Gao High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are intense, short-duration radio transients of mysterious origin. They have been detected across a wide range of frequencies from 110 MHz to 8 GHz. Their spectral properties, remaining poorly understood, are essential for understanding the intrinsic radiation mechanism and propagation effects. Here, we report the discovery of a periodic modulation in the central emission frequency of FRB 20240114A, based on more than one thousand bursts collected by an ultra-wideband receiving system. The burst central frequencies reveals a significant modulation with a period of $\sim 112$ days. The statistical significance of this detected periodicity exceeds $6σ$ for both the Lomb-Scargle and phase-folding methods. Within a single period, the central emission frequency exhibits a systematic drift from lower to higher values. We evaluate several physical mechanisms for this unique spectral evolution. The free-free absorption together with cyclotron resonant absorption in a binary system or free precession models could potentially explain such behavior. The discovery of this periodic frequency modulation unveils a new layer of complexity in the underlying radiation mechanism and propagation effect of FRBs. |
| title | Periodic Emission Frequency Modulation in a Hyperactive Fast Radio Burst |
| topic | High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.12098 |