Representing Higher-Order Networks: A Survey of Graph-Based Frameworks

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Fujita, Takaaki, Smarandache, Florentin
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2026
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author Fujita, Takaaki
Smarandache, Florentin
author_facet Fujita, Takaaki
Smarandache, Florentin
contents Many real-world phenomena are naturally modeled by graphs and networks. However, classical graph models are often limited to pairwise interactions and may not adequately capture the richer structures that arise in practice. Higher-order graph formalisms extend this framework by incorporating multiway, hierarchical, temporal, multilayer, recursive, and tensor-based interactions, thereby providing more expressive representations of complex systems. This book presents a comprehensive overview of mathematical notions that can be used to model higher-order networks. It surveys foundational concepts, extensional frameworks, and newly introduced formalisms, with an emphasis on their structural principles, relationships, and modeling roles. The aim is to provide a unified perspective that helps readers compare diverse higher-order network models and identify appropriate tools for theoretical study and practical applications. This book is Edition 2.0. It mainly includes the addition of several concepts, as well as corrections and improvements of typographical errors and explanations.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_12509
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Representing Higher-Order Networks: A Survey of Graph-Based Frameworks
Fujita, Takaaki
Smarandache, Florentin
Social and Information Networks
Artificial Intelligence
Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science
Combinatorics
05C65 - Hypergraphs, 05C82 - Graph theory with application
Many real-world phenomena are naturally modeled by graphs and networks. However, classical graph models are often limited to pairwise interactions and may not adequately capture the richer structures that arise in practice. Higher-order graph formalisms extend this framework by incorporating multiway, hierarchical, temporal, multilayer, recursive, and tensor-based interactions, thereby providing more expressive representations of complex systems. This book presents a comprehensive overview of mathematical notions that can be used to model higher-order networks. It surveys foundational concepts, extensional frameworks, and newly introduced formalisms, with an emphasis on their structural principles, relationships, and modeling roles. The aim is to provide a unified perspective that helps readers compare diverse higher-order network models and identify appropriate tools for theoretical study and practical applications. This book is Edition 2.0. It mainly includes the addition of several concepts, as well as corrections and improvements of typographical errors and explanations.
title Representing Higher-Order Networks: A Survey of Graph-Based Frameworks
topic Social and Information Networks
Artificial Intelligence
Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science
Combinatorics
05C65 - Hypergraphs, 05C82 - Graph theory with application
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.12509