Half-space problem on the Boltzmann equation with zero Mach number at infinity

Fuente: arXiv
Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Chen, Hongxu, Chen, Jun-ling, Duan, Renjun
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
Subjects:
Online Access:
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866911679263014912
author Chen, Hongxu
Chen, Jun-ling
Duan, Renjun
author_facet Chen, Hongxu
Chen, Jun-ling
Duan, Renjun
contents We study the long-time dynamics of the time-evolutionary Boltzmann equation with hard sphere collisions in the three-dimensional half-space \( \mathbb{R}^2 \times \mathbb{R}^+\), subject to diffuse reflection boundary conditions and small perturbations around a global Maxwellian equilibrium. The far-field velocity is assumed to be at rest; namely, we take the zero Mach number at infinity. In the first goal, we construct global-in-time low-regularity solutions near Maxwellians. We leverage time-decay properties along the two-dimensional tangential direction to establish polynomial decay rates of solutions matching the 2D heat equation. In the second goal, we further prove the propagation of Gevrey regularity: analyticity (Gevrey index 1) in the tangential spatial variable \(x_\parallel\), and Gevrey class with index 2 in the tangential velocity variable \(v_\parallel\), under suitably regular initial data. The proofs combine an \(L^1_k \cap L^p_k\) Fourier-space approach for decay estimates, macro-micro decomposition with \(L^2 - L^\infty\) frameworks adapted to unbounded domains, and weighted Gevrey norms to control regularity propagation, overcoming challenges from boundary effects and nonlinear interactions.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_12914
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Half-space problem on the Boltzmann equation with zero Mach number at infinity
Chen, Hongxu
Chen, Jun-ling
Duan, Renjun
Analysis of PDEs
We study the long-time dynamics of the time-evolutionary Boltzmann equation with hard sphere collisions in the three-dimensional half-space \( \mathbb{R}^2 \times \mathbb{R}^+\), subject to diffuse reflection boundary conditions and small perturbations around a global Maxwellian equilibrium. The far-field velocity is assumed to be at rest; namely, we take the zero Mach number at infinity. In the first goal, we construct global-in-time low-regularity solutions near Maxwellians. We leverage time-decay properties along the two-dimensional tangential direction to establish polynomial decay rates of solutions matching the 2D heat equation. In the second goal, we further prove the propagation of Gevrey regularity: analyticity (Gevrey index 1) in the tangential spatial variable \(x_\parallel\), and Gevrey class with index 2 in the tangential velocity variable \(v_\parallel\), under suitably regular initial data. The proofs combine an \(L^1_k \cap L^p_k\) Fourier-space approach for decay estimates, macro-micro decomposition with \(L^2 - L^\infty\) frameworks adapted to unbounded domains, and weighted Gevrey norms to control regularity propagation, overcoming challenges from boundary effects and nonlinear interactions.
title Half-space problem on the Boltzmann equation with zero Mach number at infinity
topic Analysis of PDEs
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.12914