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Autori principali: Bhandari, Keshav, Chang, Sungkyun, Roy, Abhinaba, Ronchini, Francesca, Benetos, Emmanouil, Herremans, Dorien, Colton, Simon
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2026
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Accesso online:https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.13431
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author Bhandari, Keshav
Chang, Sungkyun
Roy, Abhinaba
Ronchini, Francesca
Benetos, Emmanouil
Herremans, Dorien
Colton, Simon
author_facet Bhandari, Keshav
Chang, Sungkyun
Roy, Abhinaba
Ronchini, Francesca
Benetos, Emmanouil
Herremans, Dorien
Colton, Simon
contents Developing text-driven symbolic music generation models remains challenging due to the scarcity of aligned text-music datasets and the unreliability of automated captioning pipelines. While most efforts have focused on MIDI, sheet music representations are largely underexplored in text-driven generation. We present Text2Score, a two-stage framework comprising a planning stage and an execution stage for generating sheet music from natural language prompts. By deriving supervision signals directly from symbolic XML data, we propose an alternative training paradigm that bypasses noisy or scarce text-music pairs. In the planning stage, an LLM orchestrator translates a natural language prompt into a structured measure-wise plan defining musical attributes such as instruments, key, time signatures, harmony, etc. This plan is then consumed by a generative model in the execution stage to produce interleaved ABC notation conditioned on the plan's structural constraints. To assess output quality, we introduce an evaluation framework covering playability, readability, instrument utilization, structural complexity, and prompt adherence, validated by expert musicians. Text2Score consistently outperforms both a pure LLM-based agentic framework and three end-to-end baselines across objective and subjective dimensions. We open-source the dataset, code, evaluation set and LLM prompts used in this work; a demo is available on our project page (https://keshavbhandari.github.io/portfolio/text2score).
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_13431
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Text2Score: Generating Sheet Music From Textual Prompts
Bhandari, Keshav
Chang, Sungkyun
Roy, Abhinaba
Ronchini, Francesca
Benetos, Emmanouil
Herremans, Dorien
Colton, Simon
Sound
Developing text-driven symbolic music generation models remains challenging due to the scarcity of aligned text-music datasets and the unreliability of automated captioning pipelines. While most efforts have focused on MIDI, sheet music representations are largely underexplored in text-driven generation. We present Text2Score, a two-stage framework comprising a planning stage and an execution stage for generating sheet music from natural language prompts. By deriving supervision signals directly from symbolic XML data, we propose an alternative training paradigm that bypasses noisy or scarce text-music pairs. In the planning stage, an LLM orchestrator translates a natural language prompt into a structured measure-wise plan defining musical attributes such as instruments, key, time signatures, harmony, etc. This plan is then consumed by a generative model in the execution stage to produce interleaved ABC notation conditioned on the plan's structural constraints. To assess output quality, we introduce an evaluation framework covering playability, readability, instrument utilization, structural complexity, and prompt adherence, validated by expert musicians. Text2Score consistently outperforms both a pure LLM-based agentic framework and three end-to-end baselines across objective and subjective dimensions. We open-source the dataset, code, evaluation set and LLM prompts used in this work; a demo is available on our project page (https://keshavbhandari.github.io/portfolio/text2score).
title Text2Score: Generating Sheet Music From Textual Prompts
topic Sound
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.13431