Giant optical spin-orbit interactions in ferroelectric van der Waals waveguides
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2026
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| author | Xu, Ding Koshkaki, Saeed Rahmanian Galicia, Vicente Huang, Chun-Ying Quirós-Cordero, Victoria Tulyagankhodjaev, Jakhangirkhodja A. Liston, André Koch Chica, Daniel G. Lian, Emma Amini, Amirhosein Hong, Yongseok Handa, Taketo Schuck, P. James Zhu, Xiaoyang Roy, Xavier Mandal, Arkajit Delor, Milan |
| author_facet | Xu, Ding Koshkaki, Saeed Rahmanian Galicia, Vicente Huang, Chun-Ying Quirós-Cordero, Victoria Tulyagankhodjaev, Jakhangirkhodja A. Liston, André Koch Chica, Daniel G. Lian, Emma Amini, Amirhosein Hong, Yongseok Handa, Taketo Schuck, P. James Zhu, Xiaoyang Roy, Xavier Mandal, Arkajit Delor, Milan |
| contents | Optical spin-orbit interactions (SOI) link photonic spin to momentum, offering a route toward on-chip polarization control and beam steering. Nevertheless, achieving sufficient optical SOI and nonlinearities on sub-micrometer scales - a prerequisite for dense photonic integration - remains an outstanding challenge. Here, we show that highly birefringent van der Waals (vdW) waveguides provide an ideal, chip-compatible platform to address this limitation. We focus on the ferroelectric semiconductor NbOI2, which exhibits record optical nonlinearities and dielectric anisotropy. Using femtosecond optical microscopy, we image light propagation and harmonic conversion beyond the total internal reflection barrier over tens of micrometers in NbOI2 slab waveguides. We report giant optical spin-splitting through the optical spin Hall effect, which facilitates spatial separation of optical spin currents on sub-micrometer scales, in quantitative agreement with a microscopic light-matter interaction model. We further leverage optical spin-momentum locking to realize polarization-controlled waveguide steering. We generalize these observations across various vdW waveguides and empirically confirm a scaling law linking dielectric anisotropy to geometric spin-splitting. Our results establish highly anisotropic vdW waveguides as an ideal platform for densely integrated opto-spintronic technologies. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_13707 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Giant optical spin-orbit interactions in ferroelectric van der Waals waveguides Xu, Ding Koshkaki, Saeed Rahmanian Galicia, Vicente Huang, Chun-Ying Quirós-Cordero, Victoria Tulyagankhodjaev, Jakhangirkhodja A. Liston, André Koch Chica, Daniel G. Lian, Emma Amini, Amirhosein Hong, Yongseok Handa, Taketo Schuck, P. James Zhu, Xiaoyang Roy, Xavier Mandal, Arkajit Delor, Milan Materials Science Optics Optical spin-orbit interactions (SOI) link photonic spin to momentum, offering a route toward on-chip polarization control and beam steering. Nevertheless, achieving sufficient optical SOI and nonlinearities on sub-micrometer scales - a prerequisite for dense photonic integration - remains an outstanding challenge. Here, we show that highly birefringent van der Waals (vdW) waveguides provide an ideal, chip-compatible platform to address this limitation. We focus on the ferroelectric semiconductor NbOI2, which exhibits record optical nonlinearities and dielectric anisotropy. Using femtosecond optical microscopy, we image light propagation and harmonic conversion beyond the total internal reflection barrier over tens of micrometers in NbOI2 slab waveguides. We report giant optical spin-splitting through the optical spin Hall effect, which facilitates spatial separation of optical spin currents on sub-micrometer scales, in quantitative agreement with a microscopic light-matter interaction model. We further leverage optical spin-momentum locking to realize polarization-controlled waveguide steering. We generalize these observations across various vdW waveguides and empirically confirm a scaling law linking dielectric anisotropy to geometric spin-splitting. Our results establish highly anisotropic vdW waveguides as an ideal platform for densely integrated opto-spintronic technologies. |
| title | Giant optical spin-orbit interactions in ferroelectric van der Waals waveguides |
| topic | Materials Science Optics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.13707 |