Learning Responsibility-Attributed Adversarial Scenarios for Testing Autonomous Vehicles

Fuente: arXiv
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Autores principales: Xiao, Yizhuo, Yan, Haotian, Wang, Ying, Zhu, Zhongpan, Zhang, Yuxin, Yan, Xintao, Erden, Mustafa Suphi, Wang, Cheng
Formato: Preprint
Publicado: 2026
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author Xiao, Yizhuo
Yan, Haotian
Wang, Ying
Zhu, Zhongpan
Zhang, Yuxin
Yan, Xintao
Erden, Mustafa Suphi
Wang, Cheng
author_facet Xiao, Yizhuo
Yan, Haotian
Wang, Ying
Zhu, Zhongpan
Zhang, Yuxin
Yan, Xintao
Erden, Mustafa Suphi
Wang, Cheng
contents Establishing trustworthy safety assurance for autonomous driving systems (ADSs) requires evidence that failures arise from avoidable system deficiencies rather than unavoidable traffic conflicts. Current adversarial simulation methods can efficiently expose collisions, but generally lack mechanisms to distinguish these fundamentally different failure modes. Here we present CARS (Context-Aware, Responsibility-attributed Scenario generation), a framework that integrates responsibility attribution directly into adversarial scenario generation. CARS combines context-aware adversary selection with a generative adversarial policy optimized in closed-loop simulation to construct collision scenarios that are both physically feasible and diagnostically attributable. Across benchmark datasets spanning heterogeneous national traffic environments, CARS consistently discovers feasible collision scenarios with high attribution rates under multiple regulation-prescribed careful and competent driver models. By coupling adversarial generation with normative responsibility assessment, CARS moves simulation testing beyond collision discovery toward the construction of interpretable, regulation-aligned safety evidence for scalable ADS validation.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2605_13751
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Learning Responsibility-Attributed Adversarial Scenarios for Testing Autonomous Vehicles
Xiao, Yizhuo
Yan, Haotian
Wang, Ying
Zhu, Zhongpan
Zhang, Yuxin
Yan, Xintao
Erden, Mustafa Suphi
Wang, Cheng
Robotics
Software Engineering
Systems and Control
Establishing trustworthy safety assurance for autonomous driving systems (ADSs) requires evidence that failures arise from avoidable system deficiencies rather than unavoidable traffic conflicts. Current adversarial simulation methods can efficiently expose collisions, but generally lack mechanisms to distinguish these fundamentally different failure modes. Here we present CARS (Context-Aware, Responsibility-attributed Scenario generation), a framework that integrates responsibility attribution directly into adversarial scenario generation. CARS combines context-aware adversary selection with a generative adversarial policy optimized in closed-loop simulation to construct collision scenarios that are both physically feasible and diagnostically attributable. Across benchmark datasets spanning heterogeneous national traffic environments, CARS consistently discovers feasible collision scenarios with high attribution rates under multiple regulation-prescribed careful and competent driver models. By coupling adversarial generation with normative responsibility assessment, CARS moves simulation testing beyond collision discovery toward the construction of interpretable, regulation-aligned safety evidence for scalable ADS validation.
title Learning Responsibility-Attributed Adversarial Scenarios for Testing Autonomous Vehicles
topic Robotics
Software Engineering
Systems and Control
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.13751